Characteristics of risk factors in nasopharynchal carcinoma patients at Sanglah general hospital, Denpasar, Period July – September 2021

Abstract

Introduction: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is the most common head and neck malignancy in Indonesia and places it as the fourth most common among all malignancies in Indonesia. In Indonesia, it is estimated that the incidence of NPC is 6.2 per 100.000 population or 12.000 new cases per year. NPC patients can occur at all ages, the average age of NPC patients is 45-55 years with an incidence of 23.3 cases/100.000 men and 8.9 cases/100.000 women. The ratio of men and women is 2-3:1. Objective: Knowing the characteristics of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma in the ENT Deparrtement/KSM-KL Sanglah General Hospital for the period July-September 2021 based on environment’s exposure, food’s exposure and frequent recurrent respiratory infections. Methods: In this study, the research design used a cross-sectional descriptive by taking secondary data from the medical records of patients with undifferentiated subtype of nasopharyngeal carcinoma and Balinese people who were treated at the ENT polyclinic at Sanglah General Hospital Denpasar and questionnaires in the period July - September 2021. Result: In this study, it was found that patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma, the most environmental exposure groups of NPC patients were exposure to incense or incense smoke, namely 29 people (72.5%), exposure to second-hand smoke in the workplace, namely 27 people (67.5%), exposure to dust or sawdust, namely as many as 24 people (60%). Conclusion: This study involved 40 patients and found that patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma in the environmental exposure group of NPC sufferers were exposure to incense or incense smoke, namely 29 people (72.5%), based on the highest consumption pattern on burnt food consumption patterns, namely 25 people (62.5%) and based on exposure to recurrent respiratory infections only 10 people (25%) experienced frequent recurrent respiratory infections.