Characteristics of Reconstituted Collagen Fibers from Chicken Keel Cartilage Depends on Salt Type for Removal of Proteoglycans

Abstract

The aim of the presented research was to obtain reconstituted atelocollagen fibers after extraction from poultry cartilage using the pepsin-acidic method in order to remove telopeptides from the tropocollagen. Firstly, we examined the extraction of collagen from the cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM) after proteoglycans (PG) had been removed by the action of salts, i.e., NaCl or chaotropic MgCl2. Additionally, the effects of the salt type used for PG and hyaluronic acid removal on the properties of self-assembled fibers in solutions at pH 7.4 and freeze-dried matrices were investigated. The basic features of the obtained fibers were characterized, including thermal properties using scanning calorimetry, rheological properties using dynamic oscillatory rheometry, and the structure by scanning electron microscopy. The fibers obtained after PG removal with both analyzed types of salts had similar thermal denaturation characteristics. However, the fibers after PG removal with NaCl, in contrast to those obtained after MgCl2 treatment, showed different rheological properties during gelatinization and smaller diameter size. Moreover, the degree of fibrillogenesis of collagens after NaCl treatment was complete compared to that with MgCl2, which was only partial (70%). The structures of fibers after lyophilization were fundamentally different. The matrices obtained after NaCl pretreatment form regular scaffolds in contrast to the thin, surface structures of the cartilage matrix after proteoglycans removal using MgCl2.

Impact of Ultrasonication on the Self-Assembly Behavior and Gel Properties of Bovine Bone Collagen I

“…Tan δ (G′′/G′, defined as tangent loss angle) represented the mechanical loss of polymer in oscillatory motion, reflecting the network structure of gel. The smaller the tan δ value, especially when tan δ < 0.3, the better the gel network structure formed by the protein [ 36 , 37 ]. It was found that all the ultrasonic treatment collagen showed a smaller tan δ value (tan δ < 0.3, Figure 6 C) than that of C0W0m, except for C200W60m (tan δ > 0.3), suggesting that ultrasonic treatment was conducive to the formation of collagen fibril gel network.…”

Chicken Cartilage-Derived Carbon for Efficient Xylene Removal

“…In addition to bones, the slaughter industry also generates huge amounts of cartilage, which can be converted to biochar or activated carbon. This material is structurally different from bone and consists mainly of glycosaminoglycans, proteoglycans, collagen fibres, and elastin [ 27 ]. Thus, cartilage does not contain significant amounts of calcium carbonate or hydroxyapatite, whose thermal decomposition would result in significant porosity in the biochar formed during microwave-assisted pyrolysis.…”