“…Soil erosion causes land degradation, which can lead to problems in water and food security worldwide (Auerswald & Kutilek, 1998; de Vente, Poesen, & Verstraeten, 2013; Fang, Wang, & Shi, 2017; Komissarova & Paramonova, 2019). In China, soil erosion has become a serious environmental issue that limits the sustainable development of the economy (Abbas, Warrington, & Lei, 2019; Guo, Ma, Cai, et al, 2018; Wu, Jiang, Li, & Ma, 2018).…”