Characteristics of proton exchange membrane fuel cell considering “dot matrix” gas distribution zones and waveform staggered flow field with cooling channels

Zhang, Yong; He, Shanying; Jiang, Xiaohui; Yuntao, Ye; Mu, Xiong; Yang, Xi

doi:10.1016/j.enconman.2022.115881

Cited by 34 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…4−7 However, the commercialization of PEMFCs is facing development bottlenecks, primarily in terms of performance, costs, and durability. 5,8,9 Water management is an important process and a key issue within fuel cells. 10,11 Gas flow channel (GFC) and gas diffusion layer (GDL) are the main sites of the gas−liquid two-phase transport process for the reactant gas and product water.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic Behavior and Drainage Characteristics of Water Droplets within Channel-Type Collection Zone in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells

Wang,

Pan,

et al. 2024

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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The water transport processes in the bipolar plate, especially within the collection zone with water accumulation, are significant to the water management and performance enhancement of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). In this article, a three-dimensional two-phase numerical model for the channel-type collection zone is constructed. The dynamic behavior of droplets is first studied. The droplets are drained in the form of a liquid film. Furthermore, the water drainage characteristics are quantified, and the effect of the channel geometry is clarified. It is indicated that the smaller the width of the collection channel, the less water accumulation. The reason lies in the reduction in the backflow area. Finally, an optimized elbow structure with 0.5 mm inner and 1.0 mm outer fillets is proposed in which case the water removal ratio increases by 8.58%, 9.16%, and 23.36% for 8, 6, and 10 m/s gas flow rates compared with the right-angle structure.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic Behavior and Drainage Characteristics of Water Droplets within Channel-Type Collection Zone in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells

Wang,

Pan,

et al. 2024

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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“…In this context, the distribution zone (transition zone), derived from the intake header, appears as a separate region in the scaled‐up flow field plates. The distribution zone connects the gas inlet and the multi‐channel reaction zone and can be sorted into two categories: channel‐type 18–23 and mesh‐type (namely, dot matrix type) 23–25 . The channel‐type layout features fine channels as flow paths which are divided into stages and the final level is the parallel channels.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The distribution zone connects the gas inlet and the multi-channel reaction zone and can be sorted into two categories: channel-type [18][19][20][21][22][23] and mesh-type (namely, dot matrix type). [23][24][25] The channel-type layout features fine channels as flow paths which are divided into stages and the final level is the parallel channels. The bifurcation, a typical channel-type pattern, employs a stepwise multi-stage "one to two, two to four …" structure.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…26,27 The layout typically has an array of regularly spaced blocks protruding from the flow-field plates, with reactant gases flowing through the intervening grooves. [23][24][25] It was reported that the mesh-type distribution zone with evenly arranged cylinders exhibited better uniformity than the channel-type one 23 ; and the obstacle arrangement has been further optimized. 24 It can be indicated that studies on cell-level flow distribution have emerged in recent years but are still lacking, especially on the meshtype layout, a promising solution in the scaled-up fuel cells combining the flow uniformity and pressure drop.…”

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confidence: 99%

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A novel design of distribution zone in scaled‐up PEM fuel cells based on active control of transverse flow

et al. 2023

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The flow distribution is of significance to the fuel cell performance and durability, which has been studied from a theoretical and practical level in this work. The transverse‐flow‐control‐based mechanism behind flow distribution processes is revealed. The core lies in the reasonable generation and distribution of transverse flow, which are the prerequisite and co‐requisite for flow homogeneity. For the dual purpose, a novel design of combined‐mesh‐type distribution zone is proposed incorporating central horizontal meshes and lateral vertical meshes. The design philosophy and methodology are clarified. Under these guidelines, the novel distributor design is applied to different flow field plate geometries including the shorter distribution zone, higher expansion ratio, and scaled‐up fuel cell. Through organized and detailed simulations, two key geometrical parameters (porosities of central and lateral meshes) are quantified and the superior effect on flow distribution is validated.

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“…As shown in Figure 1 , a complete PEMFC system generally consists of a stack, a hydrogen supply system, an oxidant air supply system, a cooling system and other subsystems [ 6 ]. The humidified hydrogen and oxygen are fed into the fuel cell stack through the hydrogen and oxygen inlets, respectively [ 7 ]. The electrochemical reaction produces a large amount of heat, which is cooled by a coolant system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Observation and Analysis of Ejector Hysteresis Phenomena in the Hydrogen Recirculation Subsystem of PEMFCs

Lin

Wang

et al. 2023

Entropy

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The optimization control and efficiency improvement of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) are being paid more attention. Ejectors have been applied in PEMFC hydrogen recirculation subsystems due to the advantages of a simple structure and no power consumption. However, the hysteresis deviation of a proportional valve ejector is found in the loading and unloading processes such that the hysteresis phenomena can cause deviations in fuel cell control process and affect the power dynamic output stability of PEMFCs. This paper analyzes the causes and effects of proportional valve hysteresis phenomena through experiments and simulations. The results show that the resultant force of proportional valve armature is different in loading and unloading processes because of the hysteresis phenomena, and the maximum flow deviation is up to 0.42 g/s. The hysteresis phenomena of flow rate further cause a deviation of 68.7–89.3 kW in PEMFC power output. Finally, a control compensation model is proposed to effectively reduce the deviation. This study provides a reference for the control and optimization of PEMFC with ejector technology.

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Characteristics of proton exchange membrane fuel cell considering “dot matrix” gas distribution zones and waveform staggered flow field with cooling channels

Cited by 34 publications

References 42 publications

Dynamic Behavior and Drainage Characteristics of Water Droplets within Channel-Type Collection Zone in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells

Dynamic Behavior and Drainage Characteristics of Water Droplets within Channel-Type Collection Zone in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells

A novel design of distribution zone in scaled‐up PEM fuel cells based on active control of transverse flow

Observation and Analysis of Ejector Hysteresis Phenomena in the Hydrogen Recirculation Subsystem of PEMFCs

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