Characteristics of Preterm Birth Cases at Sanglah Hospital Denpasar (Period from 1 January to 31 December 2016)

Abstract

Background: Preterm labor is a major cause of death and an important cause of congenital disabilities. According to WHO, preterm delivery is a labor that occurs between 20 weeks' gestation to less than 37 weeks, calculated from the first day of the last menstrual on a 28-day cycle. This study aims to determine the characteristics of pregnancy and preterm delivery at Sanglah Hospital during the year 2016. Methods: This is a retrospective research using descriptive methods; data were taken from Sanglah Hospital medical record. All cases of preterm labor in Sanglah Denpasar Hospital delivery room from 1 January to 31 December 2016 were used, information starting from the initial diagnosis at admission and the patient's medical record number were also recorded. Data were then processed with tabulation method in accordance with the characteristics of preterm labor cases. The results data were then analyzed descriptively using SPSS 16 software. Results & Discussions: The results showed that within 1 year from 1 January to 31 December 2016, from all deliveries, there was 195 (18.6%) preterm birth cases in midwifery Sanglah Denpasar Hospital. Preterm labor was most common at the age of 20-35 years old (77.9%), at the age of pregnancy 32 to <37 weeks (67.6%). Preterm birth occurs highest in mothers with primigravida (42.5%). This research also found that in 22 cases with preterm birth, previously had experienced preterm labor, where 19 cases (9.7%) had 1 preterm delivery, and 3 cases (1.5% ) had a history of 2 previous preterm deliveries. Based on medical history experienced by a mother with preterm delivery at Sanglah Hospital Denpasar, 49 (25.1%) had hypertension in pregnancy. Babies born preterm in Sanglah Denpasar Hospital period 1 January to 31 December 2016 most had a birth weight between 1500 to <2500 grams, where 150 babies (70%) was born with vigorous counts. There were 167 infants (78%) who were preterm born in Sanglah Denpasar Hospital from January 1 to December 31 2016 treated with joint care, and the remaining 29 (13.5%) were admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU). Conclusions: This research is a preliminary study that can be used as reference data about the characteristics of preterm labor in obstetrics and gynecology Sanglah Hospital Denpasar Periode January 1 to December 31, 2016. Given the importance of these data, this study may be used as basic data to do a continuous research, to find out all other characteristics. Also to find the occurrence of preterm labor and its complications, so in the near future can be used as a consideration for the management of preterm labor, also reduce and anticipate complications that could happen.