Characteristics of powdered layer on silicone rubber surface

Liang, Tian; Zhang, Zhijin; Ma, Xinbin; Xiang, Yingzhu; Huang, Huan; Jiang, Xingliang

doi:10.1016/j.jmrt.2021.06.044

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Due to the influence of external factors, parts of the C–Si bond and the C–H bond break, forming free radicals during the natural aging process of composite insulators. These free radicals have high energy and are prone to cross-linking reactions, resulting in Si–CH 2 –Si structure and forming hydrophilic polar groups with oxygen in the air, such as −OH. , After grinding, the peak strength of −CH 3 increased, and the bond of methyl in Si–CH 3 increased slightly, while the peak strength of −CH 2 and −CH decreased significantly, which could be interpreted as that grinding might lead to the decross-linking reaction of silicone rubber. No obvious changes are observed for the absorption peaks at 1019, 800, and 700 cm –1 for Si–O–Si, Si (CH 3 ) 2 , and Si (CH 3 ) 3 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These free radicals have high energy and are prone to cross-linking reactions, resulting in Si−CH 2 −Si structure and forming hydrophilic polar groups with oxygen in the air, such as −OH. 37,38 After grinding, the peak strength of As can be seen from Figure 4b, the absorption peak height of the main characteristic band of the infrared spectrum of the sample decreases significantly when the silicone rubber is ground with the KOH catalyst. The band at 1100−1000 cm −1 , the decrease in the strength of the adsorption peak confirms the rupture of the Si−O−Si bond in the silicone rubber main chain.…”

Section: Ftir Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Highly Efficient Pyrolysis of Waste High-Temperature Vulcanized Silicone Rubber Assisted by Mechanochemical Milling

Lei

Chen

et al. 2022

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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High-temperature vulcanized silicone rubber (HTV SIR) possesses great chemical resistance and high thermal stability, but these excellent performances also impede its recycling. In this respect, the waste HTV SIR from retired composite insulators with/without the KOH catalyst was ground by solid-state shear milling (S 3 M). The morphology and structure of silicone rubber powder were analyzed, and the pyrolysis behaviors of the obtained silicone rubber powders were revealed by thermogravimetry (TG) and pyrolysis gas-phase/mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS). The results show that the mechanochemical milling via S 3 M could significantly reduce the particle size of silicone rubber and destroy the cross-linking structure of the waste HTV SIR, thus leading to an obvious improvement in the sol fraction. The maximum weight loss rate temperature of waste HTV SIR with the KOH catalyst assisted by mechanochemical milling was 150 °C lower than those without milling. Moreover, a greatly reduced catalytic pyrolysis duration along with more concentrated pyrolysis products at 400 °C was achieved after grinding three times. At last, the pyrolysis mechanism of the waste HTV SIR assisted by mechanochemical milling is proposed. These obtained results provide a great potential for large-scale recycling of waste silicone rubber with stable structure and complex components.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Ftir Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Highly Efficient Pyrolysis of Waste High-Temperature Vulcanized Silicone Rubber Assisted by Mechanochemical Milling

Lei

Chen

et al. 2022

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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show abstract

“…Experts and researchers in China and abroad have long studied the aging characteristics of fiber-reinforced composite electrical equipment and its silicone rubber. Tian Liang et al [3] studied the powder layer characteristics of composite insulator umbrella skirts aged for more than 10 years under three different environmental stresses. The results show that the outer sheath of a composite insulator has serious oxidative degradation under the action of various aging factors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on Deterioration Characteristics of a Composite Crossarm Mandrel in a 10 kV Distribution Network Based on Multi-Factor Aging

Ma,

Fu,

Chen

et al. 2023

Polymers

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This paper presents a study that conducted 5000 h of multi-factor aging tests on 10 kV composite crossarms, considering the natural environment in coastal areas and actual power line operations. Various aging conditions, such as voltage, rain, temperature, humidity, salt fog, ultraviolet light, and mechanical stress, were applied during the tests. The research initially analyzed the influence of multi-factor aging on the bending and tensile properties of the full-size composite crossarm. Subsequently, a detailed investigation was carried out to assess the impact of aging on the mechanical properties, electrical insulation properties, and microscopic characteristics of the composite crossarm core bar. Results indicated that the tensile strength and bending strength of the full-size composite crossarm mandrel experienced minimal changes after aging, remaining well within operational requirements. However, the silicone rubber outer sheath’s hydrophobicity decreased, leading to the appearance of cracks and holes on the surface, which provided pathways for moisture and salt infiltration into the mandrel. As a consequence, the bending strength and shear strength of the mandrel material were reduced by 16.5% and 37.7%, respectively. Moreover, the electrical performance test demonstrated a slight change in the mandrel’s leakage current, while the electrical breakdown strength decreased by 22.8%. Microscopic analysis using SEM, three-dimensional CT, and TGA revealed that a small amount of resin matrix decomposed and microcracks appeared on the surface. Additionally, the fiber-matrix interface experienced debonding and cracking, leading to an increased moisture absorption rate of the mandrel material.

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Enhancing interface adhesion between waterjet‐produced rubber powders and natural rubber by wet‐mixing method

Guo,

Liu,

Bai

et al. 2024

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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The addition of rubber powder (RP) to natural rubber (NR) matrix using the dry mixing method leads to uneven distribution and poor interface bonding while the wet mixing method is not feasible due to the hydrophobic nature of the RP surface. To address this issue, we developed a method for producing RP with weakened hydrophobicity on the surface by high‐pressure waterjet and successfully achieved even distribution of the waterjet‐produced rubber powders (WPRPs) in NR and strong interface adhesion between WPRPs and NR by the wet mixing method. The properties of NR/WPRP composites were tested and characterized carefully. When adding 6 phr of 140‐mesh WPRPs in the NR matrix, the tensile strength and elongation at break of the NR/WPRP composites were 30.2 MPa and 627.2%, respectively, which were 4% and 7% higher than NR without WPRPs. Moreover, the anti‐abrasion property of the NR/WPRP composite was also strengthened by the addition of WPRPs. Our findings demonstrate that recycling waste rubber through a reasonable recycling method can not only reduce material waste and alleviate environmental pollution but also enhance the performance of the raw rubber, which offers significant economic benefits.

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Characteristics of powdered layer on silicone rubber surface

Cited by 9 publications

References 18 publications

Highly Efficient Pyrolysis of Waste High-Temperature Vulcanized Silicone Rubber Assisted by Mechanochemical Milling

Highly Efficient Pyrolysis of Waste High-Temperature Vulcanized Silicone Rubber Assisted by Mechanochemical Milling

Study on Deterioration Characteristics of a Composite Crossarm Mandrel in a 10 kV Distribution Network Based on Multi-Factor Aging

Enhancing interface adhesion between waterjet‐produced rubber powders and natural rubber by wet‐mixing method

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