Characteristics of PM10 and PM2.5 in the Ambient Air of Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia

Abstract

Abstract-The purpose of this study is to analyses mass concentration varied by its measurement of PM 2.5 and PM 10 according to the months and seasons. The study explored mass concentration in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia with above schedule. It lasted from January, 2014 to April, 2015. The selected sites were Zaisan, Sansar tunnel, Kyokushu and Denj myanga within Ulaanbaatar.The study also analyses average mass concentration of PM 2.5 and PM 10 for the duration between October, 2009 and January, 2015.The study concluded that mass concentration of PM 2.5 and PM 10 increases during winter and decreases during summer. This variation depends on climate and pollution sources.

Comparison of the physical and chemical characteristics of fine road dust at different urban sites

“…Previous studies reported that the PM 2.5 /PM 10 ratio in Mongolia was highly variable between seasons (0.26 ± 0.11 in summer and 0.78 ± 0.12 in winter) due to various meteorological conditions and emission sources. It was reported that about 60% of PM 2.5 came from domestic heating and cooking during cold months (from October to March) (Allen et al 2013;Sonomdagva, Batdelger, and Chuluunpurev 2016). Fine particles produced by coal and biomass combustion in Mongolia during the heating season should contribute to the abundance of the fine particles in both the ambient PM and road dust.…”

Particulate matter concentrations during winter seasons of 2016-2020 in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia

“…Sonomdagva Ch., et al, (2016) have revealed that PM2.5 in Ulaanbaatar was far higher than the Mongolian air quality standard between 2009 and 2015 [11]. Also, Nakoa M., et al, (2017) reported that daily means of PM2.5, during the survey in the cold season (94.3±45.3 μg/m 3 ), was significantly higher than in the warmer season [12].…”