Characteristics of pediatric urolithiasis in south‐east Anatolia

Abstract

Background: Urolithiasis is endemic in Turkey and characteristics of urolithiasis vary in different regions of the world. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the etiological and clinical characteristics and course of pediatric urolithiasis in south-east Turkey. Methods:The study population consisted of 81 children (52 girls) with urolithiasis at a mean age of 6.2 ± 4.2 years who were followed up for 1-32 months.Results: Metabolic disorders, anatomical defects and infection stones were found to be the etiological factor in 34.6, 29.6 and 22.2% of patients, respectively, while 13.6% of patients were considered idiopathic. Of all patients, 28.4% were admitted with acute renal failure (ARF) and 72.8% had urinary tract infection. Recurrence was seen in 19.8% of patients at presentation. The localization of the stone was found to be in the upper urinary tract, the lower urinary tract or both in 65.4, 14.8% and 17.3% of patients, respectively. Patients with multiple and bilateral stones had a higher risk for ARF than the others. The risk for chronic renal failure was significantly higher in children with multiple, bilateral or recurrent stones and with ARF at presentation. Conclusions: Early diagnosis and management of renal stones and urinary tract infections is necessary to prevent the development of ARF or chronic renal failure and to improve the quality of a patient's life.

Etiologic Factors and Management in Children with Nephrolithiasis

“…Endemik taş kuşağında olmakla birlikte, ülkemizde ço-cukluk çağı taş hastalığı ile ilgili veriler sınırlıdır. 3 Bu çalışmanın en önemli özelliği, çocukluk çağında taş hastalığı tanısı alan olgularda etiyolojik faktör-leri gözönüne çıkarmasıdır. Hastanemizin hizmet verdiği bölge olan Ege bölgesi için konuşulması durumunda çocukluk çağı taş hastalığında metabolik nedenler %54,3 gibi yüksek bir oranda saptanmış-tır.…”

“…2 Ayrıca ÜSTH olan çocukların %10-70'inde altta yatan metabolik bir bozukluğun bulunduğu da bildirilmektedir. 3 Klasik semptom ve bulgularının çocuklarda yetişkinlere kıyasla daha belirsiz olması, geç tanı konulması ve metabolik anormallikler sonucu oluşan taşların tekrarlama olasılığının yüksek olması ve ürolojik problemlerle birlikte olan ÜSTH'nın yol açtığı kronik piyelonefritler, son dönem böbrek yetmezliğine (SDBY) varan sonuçlara yol açabil-mektedir. Türk Nefroloji Derneği'nin Türkiye 2008 yılı ulusal hemodiyaliz, transplantasyon ve nefroloji kayıt sistemi raporu kayıtlarına göre SDBY olan çocukların %3,3'ünün etiyolojisinden ÜSTH sorumlu tutulmuştur.…”

Risk Factors for Urolithiasis in Gastrostomy Tube Fed Children: A Case-Control Study

“…Previous studies of pediatric patients with urolithiasis in endemic regions have demonstrated a high rate of UTIs in patients with stones, ranging from 45.9% to 70%. [16][17][18] However, these investigations have noted varying rates of struvite stones (10%-44.8%). 16,19 Although we only have stone analysis results available on 8 patients, it is unlikely that the remainder of our patients had a significant struvite component, given the lack of staghorn calculi.…”

Treatment of Bladder Stones in Children: Evaluation of the Different Treatment Modalities

“…However, upper urinary tract stones are common in developed countries (17,18). The localizations of urinary stones have been observed to be displaced from the bladder to the upper urinary tract (19).…”