Characteristics of organic matter in PM2.5 in Shanghai

Feng, Jin; Chan, Chak K.; Fang, Ming; Hu, Min; He, Lingyan; Tang, Xiaoyan

doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2005.12.026

Cited by 143 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…The result suggested that cooking is an important source of ambient organic aerosols. These estimates in urban sites were comparable to the results from CMB model performed in Guangzhou , Hong Kong and Shanghai (Feng et al 2006), but 3 times smaller than those in Beijing (Wang et al 2009). In addition, the contributions showed obviously spatial trend (urban>suburban> rural), which coincided well with the distribution of the population.…”

Section: The Contribution Of Cooking Emission To Ambient Oc Estimatedsupporting

confidence: 76%

Composition profiles of organic aerosols from Chinese residential cooking: case study in urban Guangzhou, south China

Zhao

Wang

et al. 2015

J Atmos Chem

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Residential cooking in China's urban areas could be a more significant contributor to organic aerosols when compared to restaurant cooking, yet no source profiles are available for Chinese residential cooking. In this study, a typical nine-floor residential apartment building in urban Guangzhou was selected to investigate the particulate mass emissions and chemical compositions of organic aerosols from Chinese residential cooking. During dinner cooking period, the average of total suspended particle (TSP) mass concentrations increased by a factor of 4.40 compared with that during non-cooking period. Organic matter (OM) was the major component of aerosols from cooking, and accounted for 66.9 % of the TSP mass. Over 90 organic species were identified and quantified, and could explain 14.5 % of OC in cooking emissions. Fatty acids alone shared 75.7 % of the total mass of quantified organic compounds, with palmitic acid as the predominant one. Sterols, monosaccharide anhydrides and polyols were also significant compositions and they together contributed 14.3 % in the total mass of the quantified organic compounds. While cholesterol was detected from westernstyle cooking, phytosterols were additionally observed from Chinese-style cooking, and campesterol and polyols were only reported in the present study. Chinese residential cooking emission showed small differences in composition patterns of organic compounds when compared to previously report Chinese restaurant cooking emissions, however, large differences existed when compared to western style cooking. Using cholesterol as a tracer for cooking emissions, in Guangzhou we found cooking emissions contributed 3.9-8.2 % of OC in PM 2.5 . Spatial distributions of cooking emission contribution were consistent with the distributions of population.

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Section: The Contribution Of Cooking Emission To Ambient Oc Estimatedsupporting

confidence: 76%

Composition profiles of organic aerosols from Chinese residential cooking: case study in urban Guangzhou, south China

Zhao

Wang

et al. 2015

J Atmos Chem

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“…According to source apportionment studies, coal was a major contributor to PM10 or TC (second only to traffic emissions) in both Shanghai and Guangzhou, where urban samples in Group II were collected. 24,25 Analysis. This study employed the two popular TOA protocols: One is derived from Birch/NIOSH 13 and has been used in two of our previous papers; 20,23 the other is the IMPROVE protocol, established by Chow et al 5,6 ( Table 2).…”

Section: ' Materials and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Harmonizing Aerosol Carbon Measurements between Two Conventional Thermal/Optical Analysis Methods

Zhi

Chen

Sun

et al. 2011

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Although total carbon (TC) can be consistently quantified by various aerosol carbon measurement methods, the demarcation of TC into organic carbon (OC) and elemental carbon (EC) has long been inconsistent. The NIOSH and IMPROVE protocols are most widely used for thermal/optical analysis (TOA), but current knowledge rests in the description that the NIOSH protocol usually gives lower EC values than does the IMPROVE protocol. This study seeks to explore the possibility of quantitatively linking the difference between the two TOA protocols. Residential coal-burning samples that had been collected and analyzed following the NIOSH protocol in previous studies were directly reanalyzed following the IMPROVE protocol for this study. A comparison of each pair of NIOSH and IMPROVE EC values reveals the dynamic relation between the two protocols, which can be expressed as a regression equation, y = (1-x)/(1 þ 4.86x2 ) (R 2 = 0.96), where the independent x is the EC/TC ratio (R EC/TC ) for the IMPROVE protocol, and the dependent y is the difference between IMPROVE and NIOSH R EC/TC relative to IMPROVE R EC/ TC . This regression equation may be the first effort in formulating the relationship between the two TOA protocols, and it is very helpful in harmonizing inconsistent TOA measurements, for example, source characterization, ambient monitoring, and atmospheric modeling.

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“…High concentrations of PAHs were extensively detected around this country (Bi et al, 2003;Guo et al, 2003;Feng et al, 2006a;Feng et al, 2006b;Li et al, 2006;Luo et al, 2010), inducing elevated lung cancer risk to Chinese population via inhalation exposure (Zhang et al, 2009). PAHs released in China could also be dispersed rapidly through air, and many recent studies have shown that the elevated PAH concentrations are monitored in surrounding countries and continents located downwind of China, including Korea, Japan, and North America, which can be attributed to the outflow of PAHs from China under certain meteorological conditions (Killin et al, 2004;Lee et al, 2006;Tamamura et al, 2007;Lang et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atmospheric polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in rural and urban areas of northern China

Wang

et al. 2014

Environmental Pollution

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Thirty six pairs of gas and particle (PM 2.5 . Seasonal trends of PAH concentrations were observed with high concentrations in winter and low in summer, mainly due to regional sources and meteorological conditions. The association with other airborne pollutants and diagnostic ratio analysis indicated that PAHs in Eastern China background were predominantly from coal/biomass combustion. Coal combustion controlled atmospheric PAHs in winter, whilst biomass burning became important in summer and autumn. Located at eastern coastal areas, Ningbo site was chosen to estimate the atmospheric outflow of PAHs. Transport fluxes were characterized by elevated values in spring and winter. Southward transport fluxes dominated during the sampling period, presenting the transport from northern to southern China.

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Characteristics of organic matter in PM2.5 in Shanghai

Cited by 143 publications

References 32 publications

Composition profiles of organic aerosols from Chinese residential cooking: case study in urban Guangzhou, south China

Composition profiles of organic aerosols from Chinese residential cooking: case study in urban Guangzhou, south China

Harmonizing Aerosol Carbon Measurements between Two Conventional Thermal/Optical Analysis Methods

Atmospheric polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in rural and urban areas of northern China

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