Characteristics of neighbourhoods with high incidence of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest and low bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation rates in England

Brown, Terry; Booth, Scott; Hawkes, Claire; Soar, Jasmeet; Mark, Julian; Mapstone, James; Fothergill, Rachael; Black, Sarah; Pocock, Helen; Bichmann, Anna; Gunson, Imogen; Perkins, Gavin D.

doi:10.1093/ehjqcco/qcy026

Cited by 45 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 42 publications

(72 reference statements)

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“…At the full text screening phase, citations were excluded due to not reporting associations between SES and OHCA incidence, bystander CPR provision or survival after OHCA. Out of the included studies, twelve measured SES differences in OHCA incidence, 25,[29][30][31]35,[38][39][40][41][42]47,48 thirteen measured SES differences in bystander CPR provision for OHCA 22,23,26,28,32,34,36,37,40,44,45,48,50 and fourteen measured SES differences in survival rate after an OH-CA. 16,21,24,[26][27][28]33,39,43,45,46,[49][50][51] Descriptive characteristics are provided in Table 2.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Socio-economic differences in incidence, bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation and survival from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: A systematic review

et al. 2019

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Background: Individuals with a low socioeconomic status (SES) may have a greater mortality rate from out of hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) than those with a high SES. We explored whether SES disparities in OHCA mortality manifest in the incidence of OHCA, the chance of receiving bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) or in the chance of surviving an OHCA. We also studied whether sex and age differences exist in such SES disparities. Methods:The Medline, Embase and Scopus databases were searched from 01-01-1993 until 31-01-2019. Studies utilising any study design or population were included. Studies were included if the exposure was SES of the OHCA victim or the OHCA location and the outcome was either OHCA incidence, CPR provision and/or survival rate after OHCA. Study selection and quality assessment were conducted by two reviewers independently.Descriptive data and measures of association were extracted, both in the total study population and in subgroups stratified by age and/or sex. This review was carried out following the PRISMA guidelines.Results: Overall 32 studies were included. Twelve studies reported on OHCA incidence, thirteen on bystander CPR provision and fourteen on survival. Some evidence for SES differences was found in each identified stage. In all the studies on incidence, SES was measured over the area of the OHCA victims' residence and was consistently associated with OHCA. In studies on bystander CPR, SES of the area in which the OHCA occurred was associated with bystander CPR, while evidence on individual SES was lacking. In studies on OHCA survival, SES of the victim measured at the individual level and SES of the area in which the OHCA occurred were associated, while SES of the victim, measured at the area of residence was not.Studies reporting age and sex differences in the SES trends were scarce. Conclusion:SES disparities in OHCA mortality likely manifest in OHCA incidence, bystander CPR provision and survival rate after OHCA. However, there is a distinct lack of data on SES measured at the individual level and on differences within subgroups, e.g. by sex and age.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Socio-economic differences in incidence, bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation and survival from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: A systematic review

et al. 2019

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“…21 Survival after OHCA is dependent on many factors beyond the initial resuscitation attempt, and variation in survival rates reflect the heterogeneous factors that have led to the OHCA. Factors that contribute to heterogeneity in survival rate include: gender; 66,67 cause; initial arrest rhythm; 68À71 previous and existing comorbidities; 72,73 event location; 74,75 socioeconomic deprivation; 76,77 and ethnicity. 78 The health organisation that provides care, the available resources and the organisation's capacity to coordinate and act in each and every one of the links in the chain of survival is also critical.…”

Section: Chain Of Survivalmentioning

confidence: 99%

European Resuscitation Council Guidelines 2021: Epidemiology of cardiac arrest in Europe

et al. 2021

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In this section of the European Resuscitation Council Guidelines 2021, key information on the epidemiology and outcome of in and out of hospital cardiac arrest are presented. Key contributions from the European Registry of Cardiac Arrest (EuReCa) collaboration are highlighted. Recommendations are presented to enable health systems to develop registries as a platform for quality improvement and to inform health system planning and responses to cardiac arrest.

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“…Observational data suggest that females and individuals from socially deprived and ethnic minority groups are less likely to receive bystander CPR and key post-arrest interventions. 295,296 Survey data indicates that both in-hospital systems of care and long-term follow up and rehabilitation differ markedly between hospitals. 291,297À299 One strategy proposed to improve patient outcomes is centralisation of hospital services across a range of conditions including cardiac arrest.…”

Section: Variability In Outcomementioning

confidence: 99%

European Resuscitation Council Guidelines 2021: Ethics of resuscitation and end of life decisions

et al. 2021

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These European Resuscitation Council Ethics guidelines provide evidence-based recommendations for the ethical, routine practice of resuscitation and end-of-life care of adults and children. The guideline primarily focus on major ethical practice interventions (i.e. advance directives, advance care planning, and shared decision making), decision making regarding resuscitation, education, and research. These areas are tightly related to the application of the principles of bioethics in the practice of resuscitation and end-of-life care.

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Characteristics of neighbourhoods with high incidence of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest and low bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation rates in England

Abstract: The aim of the project was to identify the neighbourhood characteristics of areas in England where out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) incidence was high and bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (BCPR) was low using registry data.

Cited by 45 publications

References 42 publications

Socio-economic differences in incidence, bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation and survival from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: A systematic review

Socio-economic differences in incidence, bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation and survival from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: A systematic review

European Resuscitation Council Guidelines 2021: Epidemiology of cardiac arrest in Europe

European Resuscitation Council Guidelines 2021: Ethics of resuscitation and end of life decisions

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