Characteristics of Mulberry Leaf Powder Enriched With γ-Aminobutyric Acid and Its Antioxidant Capacity as a Potential Functional Food Ingredient

Abstract

To improve the functional properties of mulberry leaves, γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) enrichment treatments were applied. The results showed that the combined treatment of sodium glutamate immersion, cold shock, and anoxic significantly increased the GABA content. HPLC analysis displayed that the quantity of some active phenolics was significantly increased after the treatment. The GABA-enriched mulberry leaf powders were subsequently prepared, and it was found that as the particle size decreased, their water and oil holding capacity and their swelling power decreased, while the angle of repose increased. The dissolution rate of GABA and total phenolics increased as the particle size decreased. Optical observations and SEM results revealed that the fiber structures of the particles were gradually destroyed as the particle size decreased. Further, FTIR analysis showed that the active compounds in the powders were not destroyed. M400 and M140 powder showed the maximum DPPH radical scavenging ability and AGEs inhibition capacity, respectively. Additionally, adding the powders effectively alleviated the staling of bread without any significant effect on taste.

Transcriptomics and metabolomics analysis reveal the anti-oxidation and immune boosting effects of mulberry leaves in growing mutton sheep

“…Meanwhile, MDA is also an important indicator of membrane damage and body aging, and one of the toxic substances produced by the increase of ROS (20). The increase of SOD, CAT, GSH-Px, TAOC and the decrease of MDA in this study all indicate that MLs can improve the antioxidant performance of the body, which is consistent with the results of previous studies (3,(21)(22)(23). The reason is that MLs are rich in bioactive ingredients.…”

Effect of mulberry leaf or mulberry leaf extract on glycemic traits: a systematic review and meta-analysis

“…7 Kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside, quercetin, morin, coumaric acid, gallic acid, caffeic acid, ferulic acid, and polysaccharides are also present in ML. [8][9][10][11] The bioactive components in ML are mainly divided into flavonoids, [12][13][14] phenolics, 13,15,16 phytosterols, 17,18 terpenes, 17,18 γ-aminobutyric acid, 19,20 alkaloids, [21][22][23] and polysaccharides. [23][24][25][26] 1-DNJ is one of the primary alkaloids in ML, and it is an inhibitor of α-glucosidase, which results in the inhibition of the elevation of postprandial blood glucose.…”

GABA-enriched Oolong Tea: Reducing Stress in a Student Cohort May Involve More than Just GABA

“…There is a wide range of GABA-enriched fermented food products [33], lactic acid fermented green tea being an example [34]. The GABA content of mulberry leave powder as a potential functional food ingredient has been increased by sodium glutamate immersion, cold shock and anoxia [35]. A different approach is being used in tomatoes, with CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing technology used to selectively increase GABA levels by deleting the autoinhibitory domain of the enzyme that converts glutamate to GABA [36].…”