Characteristics of mechanically ventilated COVID-19 patients in the Al-Ahsa Region of Saudi Arabia: a retrospective study with survival analysis

Alamer, Amnah; Asdaq, Syed Mohammed Basheeruddin; AlYamani, Mohammad; AlGhadeer, Hussain Adil; Alnasser, Zahra H.; Aljassim, Zainab; Albattat, Maryam; Alhajji, Ahmed; Alrashed, Ahmed; Mozari, Yahya; Aledrees, Abrar; Almuhainy, Badr; Abraham, Ivo; Alamer, Ahmad

doi:10.5144/0256-4947.2022.165

Cited by 1 publication

(3 citation statements)

References 43 publications

(42 reference statements)

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“…The incubation period for the disease is typically five days, and it can be active for more than eight days [ 3 , 4 ]. Men are more likely to be affected than women by this ailment, which has a mean age of 52, and one-third of patients have concomitant conditions, such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and hypertension [ 5 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These factors included hypertension [ 16 ], heart failure, a body mass index (BMI) greater than 40, diabetes [ 17 , 18 , 19 ], coronary artery disease, cerebrovascular disease [ 20 ], smoking, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease [ 21 ], and the simultaneous occurrence of three or more comorbidities [ 22 ]. There are studies [ 5 , 23 ] that document the association of age and gender with the severity of the COVID-19 illness, but there are a number of gray areas that need to be addressed to determine the involvement of factors such as race, ethnicity, the COVID-19 vaccine, specific underlying conditions, the use of specific medications to manage specific underlying diseases, laboratory test results, the type of COVID-19 regimen that is offered, and symptoms that are associated with severe outcomes among COVID-19 patients.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although there have been studies in Saudi Arabia that show an association between chronic diseases and demographic characteristics of patients and the severity of COVID-19 infection [ 28 , 29 ], only a few studies have shown a link between chronic diseases, medication use, age, gender, and other demographic variables and intubation and mortality. Earlier, we showed that chronic morbidities in the Al-Ahsa region of Saudi Arabia increased the mechanical ventilation rate in COVID-19 patients [ 5 ]. There has not been any additional research from Saudi Arabia to ascertain whether there is a correlation between the patient’s characteristics and intubation and mortality.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characteristics of COVID-19 Patients Admitted to Intensive Care Unit in Multispecialty Hospital of Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: A Retrospective Study

Almuqbil,

Almoteer,

Suwayyid

et al. 2023

Healthcare

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During the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic, infection rates were high and symptoms were severe. Medical resources, including healthcare experts and hospital facilities, were put to the test to ensure their readiness to deal with this unique event. An intensive care unit (ICU) is expected to be required by many hospitalized patients. Many hospitals worldwide lacked resources during the pandemic’s peak stages, particularly in critical care treatment. Because of this, there were issues with capacity, as well as an excessive influx of patients. Additionally, even though the research location provides medical care to a sizable population, there is a paucity of scientific data detailing the situation as it pertains to COVID-19 patients during the height of the outbreak. Therefore, this study aimed to identify and describe the features of COVID-19 patients hospitalized in the ICU of one of the multispecialty hospitals in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. An observational retrospective study was conducted using a chart review of COVID-19 patients admitted to the ICU between March 2020 and December 2020. To characterize the patients, descriptive statistics were utilized. An exploratory multivariate regression analysis was carried out on the study cohort to investigate the factors that were shown to be predictors of death and intubation. Only 333 (29.33%) of the 1135 samples from the hospital’s medical records were used for the final analysis and interpretation. More than 76% of the patients in the study were male, with a mean BMI of 22.07 and an average age of around 49 years. The most frequent chronic condition found among the patients who participated in the study was diabetes (39.34%), followed by hypertension (31.53%). At the time of admission, 63 of the total 333 patients needed to have intubation performed. In total, 22 of the 333 patients died while undergoing therapy. People with both diabetes and hypertension had a 7.85-fold higher risk of death, whereas those with only diabetes or hypertension had a 5.43-fold and 4.21-fold higher risk of death, respectively. At admission, intubation was necessary for many male patients (49 out of 63). Most intubated patients had hypertension, diabetes, or both conditions. Only 13 of the 63 patients who had been intubated died, with the vast majority being extubated. Diabetes and hypertension were significant contributors to the severity of illness experienced by COVID-19 participants. The presence of multiple comorbidities had the highest risk for intubation and mortality among ICU-admitted patients. Although more intubated patients died, the fatality rate was lower than in other countries due to enhanced healthcare management at the ICU of the study center. However, large-scale trials are needed to determine how effective various strategies were in preventing ICU admission, intubation, and death rates.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%