Characteristics of Marine Heatwaves in the Japan/East Sea

Wang, Dingqi; Xu, Tengfei; Fang, Guohong; Jiang, Shanshan; Wang, Guanlin; Wei, Zexun; Wang, Yonggang

doi:10.3390/rs14040936

Cited by 21 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 51 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…8c and 10c). The stratification eventually reduced entrainment cooling in the same region (Wang et al 2022), thereby maintaining warm water conditions. The warming tendencies weakened approximately five days after onset, which was attributed to negative vertical terms, showing relatively stronger Ekman upwelling than the growth period of the MHWs.…”

Section: B Physical Mechanisms Of Mhws In the Four Modesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Classification and Causes of East Asian Marine Heatwaves during Boreal Summer

Kim

et al. 2023

Journal of Climate

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Marine heatwaves (MHWs) are among the most severe climatic events under global warming conditions; they damage marine ecosystems and result in socio-economic losses. In East Asia, the sea surface temperature (SST) has increased significantly and is projected to increase further. Considering such increases in SST over East Asia, studies on MHWs are needed to minimize the damage caused. In this study, we classified the spatiotemporal characteristics of East Asian MHWs during boreal summer with a self-organizing map for 39 years (1982–2020) and determined their unexplored possible mechanisms. Four dominant modes of MHWs across East Asia were identified: the (1) Subtropical Gyre, (2) East China Sea, (3) East Sea/Japan Sea, and (4) Yellow Sea modes. The total annual number of MHW days has increased by about 1.23 days/year. The significant trend is mainly determined by the Subtropical Gyre mode, whereas other modes do not exhibit significant trends. As the East China Sea mode could be linked to a strong East Asian summer monsoon (EASM), the resultant low-salinity water from the Yangtze (Changjiang) River could stratify the ocean and increase the water temperature. The East Sea/Japan Sea and Yellow Sea modes could be linked to remote forcings over the subtropics, leading to persistent anticyclonic circulation over East Asia. The anomalous anticyclone contributed to the MHWs occurrences by enhancing downward shortwave radiation and reducing entrainment cooling caused by Ekman downwelling. These findings have important implications for distinguishing the characteristics of East Asian MHWs and reveal the possibility of predicting them by identifying their precursors.

show abstract

Section: B Physical Mechanisms Of Mhws In the Four Modesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Classification and Causes of East Asian Marine Heatwaves during Boreal Summer

Kim

et al. 2023

Journal of Climate

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Wang et al. (2022) also suggested that the increase in marine heatwave in the East Sea region may be explained by ocean dynamics rather than atmospheric forcing. Figures 10d and 10e show the daily mean ocean current and standard deviation of the meridional current.…”

Section: What Causes Positive Trends In Marine Heatwave Longevity And...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Instead, we suggest an increasing connection between the ocean current and the N-ES marine heatwave duration in the recent period. Wang et al (2022) also suggested that the increase in marine heatwave in the East Sea region may be explained by ocean dynamics rather than atmospheric forcing. Figures 10d and 10e show the daily mean ocean current and standard deviation of the meridional current.…”

Section: Physical Driver Of Excessive N-es Increases In Marine Heatwa...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapidly Changing East Asian Marine Heatwaves Under a Warming Climate

et al. 2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The East Asian marginal seas (EAMS) are one of the fastest‐warming ocean regions globally. This study presents the long‐term trends (1982–2020) of extreme ocean warming events called “marine heatwaves” over the EAMS and examines the relationships between marine heatwave trends and mean SST warming trends. We focus on five subregions with different influences from atmospheric perturbation and ocean currents: the northern East Sea (N‐ES), southern East Sea, Yellow Sea, Korea Strait (KS), and East China Sea (ECS). During the past four decades, marine heatwave duration and intensity in the EAMS have increased to approximately +4 days and +0.3°C per decade on average, respectively. In summer, the positive trend of marine heatwaves is the highest in the ECS, primarily due to the rapidly increasing mean sea surface temperature (SST). In winter, the N‐ES reveals remarkably rapid increases in marine heatwave properties in the last two decades, with increasing rates of approximately 6.2 (4.9) times longer total duration (stronger intensity) than the global average changes. Beyond the impact of the rapid increase in mean SST, the N‐ES marine heatwaves can be further extended due to the northward shift of the East Korea Warm Current. In general, mean SST changes are critical to the increasing trend in marine heatwave duration and intensity. This study further emphasizes that the changes in ocean circulation may expedite more rapid changes in extreme ocean events, which can produce more vulnerability in some places, such as the N‐ES, to marine heatwaves under continued global warming.

show abstract

“…MHWs are detected when SSTs exceed the 90th percentile threshold and persist for longer than five consecutive days [33]. Here, the 90th percentile threshold varies seasonally because it is defined by an 11 d window centered on the calendar day for the 30 years climatology of the daily SST, meaning that the top 10% of the total 330 d (30 years * 11 d window) for each calendar day are used as the 90th percentile threshold [34].…”

Section: Definition Of Mhwsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The record-breaking 2022 long-lasting marine heatwaves in the East China Sea

Kim

Chu

et al. 2023

Environ. Res. Lett.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In 2022, record-breaking long-lasting marine heatwaves (MHWs) occurred in the East China Sea (ECS), which persisted for 62 days during boreal summer. This exceeded the average MHWs duration of 10 days by a factor of 6. In addition, 2022 was also recorded as a year of many extreme events throughout Asia, such as summer floods in China and Pakistan, droughts and extreme heat in Europe, raising the question of whether they were caused by a “triple-dip” La Niña, which has persisted since September 2020. Here we examine the key local and remote processes that led to the 2022 MHWs in the ECS using mixed-layer heat budget analysis. During the onset of the MHWs, a salinity-stratified shallow mixed-layer due to the large river discharge from the Yangtze-Huaihe River floods in June enhanced warm ocean temperature in the ECS. Simultaneously, an anomalous anticyclone maintained by the stationary Rossby wave, which is generated by vorticity forcings in mid-latitudes and thermal forcing in Pakistan, settled in the corresponding region and led to the long-lasting MHWs until Typhoon Hinnamnor began to dissipate the wave in early September. This study improves our understanding of the physical mechanism of flood-related MHWs that have increased with recent climate change.

show abstract

Characteristics of Marine Heatwaves in the Japan/East Sea

Cited by 21 publications

References 51 publications

Classification and Causes of East Asian Marine Heatwaves during Boreal Summer

Classification and Causes of East Asian Marine Heatwaves during Boreal Summer

Rapidly Changing East Asian Marine Heatwaves Under a Warming Climate

The record-breaking 2022 long-lasting marine heatwaves in the East China Sea

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About