Characteristics of ice/water mixture flow in a branching pipe and development of an ice fraction control technique.

Flow Characteristics of Ice/Water Slurry in a Horizontal Circular Pipe.

“…This tendency to make clusters is considered to govern flow characteristics of ice/water slurry such as the ice distribution ratio at a branching pipe. Fig ure 7 shows the ice fraction ratio of the upward branching pipe from the horizontal main pipe, C2/C1 for beads, chip ice and granulated snow (Kawada et al, 1997). The fraction in the branch pipe is smaller for par ticles with larger Vcr value.…”

“…The flow rate of extracted water Q"w was increased stepwisely , maintaining the regulator inlet flow rate constant. When Qw exceeded a critical value (Q"," compressed-plug type blocking occurred both for chip-ice/water and Ice fraction ratio at an upward branching pipe (Kawada et al, 1997). snow/water mixtures as shown in Figure 9.…”

“…Based on observation on flow pattern and measure ment of pressure drop, Kawada et al (1996) showed that the friction of ice-particle clus ters against pipe wall affects the pressure drop, and proposed a method to predict the pressure drop through an arbitrary horizon tal circular pipe. Kawada et al (1997) showed that the ice particle shape and/or size affect the ice fraction in the branch pipe at the branching section. Shirakashi et al (1989) showed that blocking of snow/water mixture flow through pipeline occurs with a mecha nism different from that due to arching or deposition of particles.…”