Characteristics of Horizontal Winds in the Mesosphere and Lower Thermosphere Region over Korean Peninsula Observed from the Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute Meteor Radar

Abstract

We present for the first time the characteristics of upper atmospheric horizontal winds over the Korean Peninsula. Winds and their variability are derived using four-year measurements by the Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute (KASI) meteor radar. A general characteristic of zonal and meridional winds is that they exhibit distinct diurnal and seasonal variations. Their changes indicate sometimes similar or sometimes different periodicities. Both winds are characterized by either semi-diurnal tides (12 hour period) and/or diurnal tides (24 hour period) from 80–100 km. In terms of annual change, the annual variation is the strongest component in both winds, but semi-annual and ter-annual variations are only detected in zonal winds.

Vertical Wind Profiles in the Mesosphere and Lower Thermosphere Driven by Meteor Radar and Ionospheric Connection Explorer Observations Over the Korean Peninsula

“…A meteor radar in Korea, located at Daejeon (longitude: 127.1°E, latitude: 36.2°N), has been operated since October 2017 by the Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute (KASI) (Kam et al., 2021). The period of KASI meteor radar (KASI‐MR) observations overlaps that of MIGHTI observations, and this study derives vertical wind profiles in the MLT region by combining the observations of the two instruments.…”

“…Meteor radars on the ground have been equipped to measure neutral winds and temperature in the lower part of the MLT region (Beard et al., 1997; Beldon & Mitchell, 2010; Day & Mitchell, 2010; Huang et al., 2013; Kam et al., 2021; C. Lee et al., 2021). Meteoroids entering the Earth's atmosphere leave ionization trails, and meteor radars detect backscattering echoes of transmitted radio signals from meteor trails.…”

“…Meteor radars on the ground have been equipped to measure neutral winds and temperature in the lower part of the MLT region (Beard et al, 1997;Beldon & Mitchell, 2010;Day & Mitchell, 2010;Huang et al, 2013;Kam et al, 2021;C. Lee et al, 2021).…”

Mid- and Low-Latitude Earth Ionospheric Phenomena and Current Status of Research

“…고층대기의 특성[바람)을 관측한 유성레이더 자료를 분석하였다[8].Kim et al, Kwak et al, Chung et al, Lee et al는 위성 및 GPS TEC 자료를 통한 EIA hemispheric asymmetry와 trough와 같은 anomaly 현상을 연구하였다[9-13]. Hong et al은 topside sounding과 ISR 자료를 통해 mid-latitude tough과 플라즈마권과 연계성을 연구하였다[14].…”

Latest Research Trends on Space Environments in Korea

“…Studies pertaining to the atmosphere include thermospheric wind observation and simulation during geomagnetic storm event [31], polar mesospheric summer echos (PMSEs) observation analysis [32], mesosphere and lower thermosphere region wind observed over Korean peninsula [33] and observations of the stratospheric and mesospheric fluctuations during stratospheric sudden warmings (SSW) [34]. Aviation radiation observation and modeling [35][36][37] and analysis of cosmic ray observation data using a neutron monitor [38] are the two main topics covered in published papers linked to space radiation.…”