Characteristics of Health Care Personnel with COVID-19 — United States, February 12–April 9, 2020

Burrer, Sherry; Perio, Marie A. de; Hughes, Michelle M.; Kuhar, David T.; Luckhaupt, Sara E.; McDaniel, Clinton J.; Porter, Rachael M.; Silk, Benjamin J.; Stuckey, Matthew J.; Walters, Maroya

doi:10.15585/mmwr.mm6915e6

Cited by 699 publications

(283 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…HCP are at high risk for acquiring infections during novel disease outbreaks, especially before transmission dynamics are fully characterized. The cases reported here are among the first known reports of occupational transmission of SARS-CoV-2 to HCP in the United States, although more cases have since been identified (2). Little is known to date about SARS-CoV-2 transmission in health care settings.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Transmission of COVID-19 to Health Care Personnel During Exposures to a Hospitalized Patient — Solano County, California, February 2020

Heinzerling¹,

Stuckey²,

Scheuer³

et al. 2020

MMWR Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep.

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428

411

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Transmission of COVID-19 to Health Care Personnel During Exposures to a Hospitalized Patient — Solano County, California, February 2020

Heinzerling¹,

Stuckey²,

Scheuer³

et al. 2020

MMWR Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep.

Self Cite

428

411

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“…3 Vitamin D deficiency is common, affecting nearly half the US population, with higher rates among persons with darker skin or reduced sun exposure, including persons living in higher latitudes in the winter, nursing home residents, and health care workers. 4 COVID-19 is more prevalent among African-Americans, 5 persons living in northern cities in the late winter, 6 older adults, 7 nursing home residents 8 and health care workers, 9 populations which all have increased risk of vitamin D deficiency. 10,11,12,13 Moreover, COVID-19 is less prevalent in pregnant women and children 14 , and in persons living in Japan 15 , in whom rates of vitamin D deficiency are lower.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of Vitamin D Deficiency and Treatment with COVID-19 Incidence

Meltzer

Best

Zhang

et al. 2020

Preprint

130

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Word Count: 350 Manuscript Word Count: 2967Importance: Vitamin D treatment has been found to decrease incidence of viral respiratory tract infection, especially in vitamin D deficiency. It is unknown whether COVID-19 incidence is associated with vitamin D deficiency and treatment.Objective: To examine whether vitamin D deficiency and treatment are associated with testing positive for COVID-19. Design: Retrospective cohort studySetting: University of Chicago Medicine Participants: Patients tested for COVID-19 from 3/3/2020-4/10/2020. Vitamin D deficiency was defined by the most recent 25-hydroxycholecalciferol <20ng/ml or 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol <18pg/ml within 1 year before COVID-19 testing. Treatment was defined by the most recent vitamin D type and dose, and treatment changes between the time of the most recent vitamin D level and time of COVID-19 testing. Vitamin D deficiency and treatment changes were combined to categorize vitamin D status at the time of COVID-19 testing as likely deficient(lastlevel-deficient/treatment-not-increased), likely sufficient(last-level-not-deficient/treatmentnot-decreased), or uncertain deficiency(last-level-deficient/treatment-increased or last-levelnot-deficient/treatment-decreased).Main Outcomes and Measures: The main outcome was testing positive for COVID-19. Multivariable analysis tested whether the most recent vitamin D level and treatment changes after that level were associated with testing positive for COVID-19 controlling for demographic and comorbidity indicators. Bivariate analyses of associations of treatment with vitamin D deficiency and COVID-19 were performed.Results: Among 4,314 patients tested for COVID-19, 499 had a vitamin D level in the year before testing. Vitamin D status at the time of COVID-19 testing was categorized as likely deficient for 127(25%) patients, likely sufficient for 291(58%) patients, and uncertain for 81(16%) patients. In multivariate analysis, testing positive for COVID-19 was associated with increasing age(RR(age<50)=1.05,p<0.021;RR(age≥50)=1.02,p<0.064)), non-white race(RR=2.54,p<0.01) and being likely vitamin D deficient (deficient/treatment-not-increased:RR=1.77,p<0.02) as compared to likely vitamin D sufficient(not-deficient/treatment-not-decreased), with predicted All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission.

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“…This sex difference was not statistically signi cant in the study at Wuhan as well [23]. However, female physicians were affected with COVID-19 2.5 times more than their male colleagues in the USA [7].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%

“…The mean age of the affected physicians was 32.7±5.4 years. A study conducted on physicians in the USA showed that the median age of physicians being affected was 42 years [7]. Another study conducted in Wuhan, China, revealed the mean age of the affected physicians being 37 years [23].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to the Italian National Institute of Health, about 17,000 HCWs were infected, which was 10% of Italy's total cases [6]. Centers for Disease Control (CDC), in the US, reported more than 9,200 HCWs were caught up with COVID-19 by April 2020 [7]. There is still no precise data about how many HCWs are infected with COVID-19 in Bangladesh.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Role of Personal Protective Measures in Prevention of COVID-19 Spread among Physicians in Bangladesh: A Multicenter Cross-sectional Comparative Study

Khalil¹,

Alam

Arefin

et al. 2020

Preprint

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ObjectiveThis study aims to determine the role of personal protective measures in the prevention of COVID-19 spread among the physicians working at different health facilities in Bangladesh.MethodsThis hospital-based cross-sectional comparative was conducted from May to June 2020. A total of 98 COVID-19 positive physicians and 92 COVID-19 negative physicians (physicians having no symptoms of COVID-19 or tested negative), were enrolled. The questionnaire was adapted from a tool developed by the World Health Organization (WHO) for risk assessment and management of exposure of health care workers in the context of COVID-19. Data was collected from the respondents online using google forms.ResultsThere was no significant difference in baseline information between COVID-19 positive and COVID-19 negative physicians. The physicians, who were unaware of direct participation in COVID-19 patient care, had higher odds of being COVID-19 positive (OR= 4.018; CI: 1.532-10.535). Also, the physicians, who were unaware of the COVID-19 status while performing aerosol generated procedure (AGP), had a higher chance of being COVID-19 positive, had a higher chance of being COVID-19 positive (OR= 2.522; CI: 1.020-6.233). Using face shields/goggles (OR=0.437; CI:0.228-0.837), regular decontamination of the patient’s surroundings (OR=0.392; CI:0.176-0.873) while usual take care of patients and use of N95 masks while performing AGP (OR=0.372; CI:0.159-0.873) had protective roles against COVID-19 among the physicians. The physicians who had reused the medical gown had two times more chance of being tested positive for COVID-19 than those who had not reused it (OR= 2.3; CI:1.251-4.259).ConclusionThe use of face shield/goggles and N95 masks and decontamination of the patient’s surroundings may give protection against COVID-19. Also, reusing medical gown should be avoided as much as possible.

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Characteristics of Health Care Personnel with COVID-19 — United States, February 12–April 9, 2020

Cited by 699 publications

References 6 publications

Transmission of COVID-19 to Health Care Personnel During Exposures to a Hospitalized Patient — Solano County, California, February 2020

Transmission of COVID-19 to Health Care Personnel During Exposures to a Hospitalized Patient — Solano County, California, February 2020

Association of Vitamin D Deficiency and Treatment with COVID-19 Incidence

Role of Personal Protective Measures in Prevention of COVID-19 Spread among Physicians in Bangladesh: A Multicenter Cross-sectional Comparative Study

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