Characteristics of gut microbiota in people with obesity

Abstract

Background Obesity is the cause of cardiovascular diseases and other diseases, leading to increased medical costs, and causing a great burden to individuals, families and society. The prevalence of obesity is increasing and has become a global health problem. There is growing evidence that gut microbiota plays an important role in obesity. In this article, we revealed the differences in the gut microbiota between 21 people with obesity and 21 control subjects, and predicted the functional potential changes by 16S rRNA sequencing of the fecal bacteria of the subjects. Methods The raw sequencing data of 21 healthy Beijing volunteers was downloaded from Microbial Genome Database System. Microbial 16S rRNA genes of 21 adults with obesity were sequenced on an Illumina MiSeq instrument and analyzed by using bioinformatics and statistical methods. Results The diversity of gut microbiota in people with obesity decreased significantly. There were significant differences in gut microbiota between the Obesity and Control group at different levels. At the phylum level, Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria and Fusobacteria are significantly different between the Obesity and Control group. In people with obesity, the ratio of Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes decreased significantly. At the genus level, there were significant differences among the 16 major genera, of which four genera Prevotella, Megamonas, Fusobacterium and Blautia increased significantly in people with obesity, while the remaining 12 genera, Faecalibacterium, Lachnospiracea_incertae_sedis, Gemmiger and Clostridium XlVa, etc. decreased significantly. At the species level, nine species including Bacteroides uniformis and Prevotella copri had significant differences. Compared with the control group, subjects with obesity were abnormalities in 57 pathways, mainly in Carbohydrate metabolism and Lipid metabolism. Conclusions Overall, our study revealed differences in the gut microbiota between people with obesity and control subjects, providing novel target for the treatment of individuals with obesity.

Correlation between Gut Microbiota, its Metabolic Products, and their Association with Liver Enzymes among Sample of Egyptian Females

“…Studies have reported controversial data about the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio and the proportion of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes in obesity. The present data were in agreement with many other studies in China [22], United Kingdom [23], and Canada [24] where insignificant differences in Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes ratio was observed between lean and obese individuals, other studies found that the gut microbiota of obese people is characterized by an increase in the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio; as in Ukraine [25] and Italy [26]; while others even find an opposite relationship; as in China [27].…”

Treatment With Multi-Species Probiotics Changes the Functions, Not the Composition of Gut Microbiota in Postmenopausal Women With Obesity: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study

“…Interestingly, the family Prevotellaceae and genus Prevotella were positively associated with Fat% in both the placebo and HDP groups, despite the opposite directions of changes associated with the type of intervention. Prevotella is a strong marker of obesity ( Duan et al., 2021 ) and its function was not affected by probiotic therapy in our study. Barnesiellaceae abundance in the control group was significantly positively associated with end-point glucose concentration, and this unfavorable effect was not observed in groups receiving probiotics.…”

“…An increased abundance of Actinobacteria was also associated with type 2 diabetes in urban Africa (Doumatey et al, 2020). In contrast, another study showed that Actinobacteria levels decreased in obese individuals (Duan et al, 2021). The family Coriobacteriaceae plays important metabolic roles such as the conversion of bile acid, steroids, and phytoestrogens, glucose homeostasis, and lipid metabolism, and is associated with good metabolic health in overweight and obese populations (Kim et al, 2020).…”

Adaptive and powerful microbiome multivariate association analysis via feature selection

“…At the family level, both MiHC and OMiAT identified Veillonellaceae , whereas aMiSPU, LDM, and OMiRKAT identified Lachnospiraceae . But, AMAT showed superiority by identifying both Veillonellaceae and Lachnospiraceae , which had been found to be associated with BMI in other studies as well ( 44 , 45 ). On the other hand, AMAT did not detect any significant genera, while Ruminococcaceae Incertae Sedis was identified by MiHC, and Lachnospiraceae Incertae Sedis was identified by aMiSPU, LDM, and OMiRKAT .…”