Characteristics of fish farming practices and agrochemicals usage therein in four regions of Cameroon

Ntsama, Isabelle Sandrine Bouelet; Tambe, Betrand Ayuk; Takadong, Julie Judith Tsafack; Medoua, Gabriel Nama; Kansci, Germain

doi:10.1016/j.ejar.2018.06.006

Cited by 27 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The high involvement of the youth in fish farming is contradictory to the reports of Ngueguim et al [ 9 ], Hirigoyen et al [ 21 ], Adebayo Ot et al [ 22 ], and Tiogué et al [ 23 ] who highlighted that more than 40% of fish farmers were over 50 years old. The high representation of men (93.94%) in fish farming is in accordance with the findings of Ngueguim et al [ 9 ], Tiogué et al [ 23 ], and Bouelet Ntsama et al [ 24 ] would be related to the socioeconomic constraints faced by women such as difficulties of access to land, lack of capital, poor management skills, and lack of credit opportunities. The proportion of trained fish farmers (39.39%) was higher than 5 and 8% reported, respectively, by Tiogué et al [ 23 ] and Hirigoyen et al [ 21 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…Te frst part was composed of the socio-economic characteristics of fsh farmers (age, sex, marital status, number of years of exploitation, educational level, training in fsh farming, place of training, main occupation, purpose of fsh farming, mode of land acquisition, constraints, and cost related to the biosecurity practice). Te second part entailed the zootechnical characteristics of the farm (the sanitary status of the fsh, mortality rate, and productivity) while the third section was made up of the twenty-four (24) biosecurity measures grouped into components, namely, isolation, trafc control, and sanitation [13] modifed from Arthur et al [14] and adapted to the present study. Te questionnaire was previously tested in a subsample of seven (7) farms in the study area to verify the relevance, clarity, redundancy, and consistency of the questions.…”

Section: Questionnaire Design and The Biosecurity Scoring Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Determining Factors and Zootechnical Output of Biosecurity Practices in Fish Farms in the Wouri Division, Cameroon

Georges

Georgette

Henri

et al. 2023

Veterinary Medicine International

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Biosecurity practice limits the occurrence of diseases and economic losses in fish farms. The objective of this study was to characterize fish farming in the Administrative Division of Wouri, Cameroon (3°97′04″–3°58′13″N; 9°76′78″–9°46′4.3″E) and assess the biosecurity practices. A cross-sectional biosecurity audit was then conducted in 33 fish farms from March to May 2022. The “snow ball” technique, on-farm observations, and face-to-face interviews of farm managers using a semistructured questionnaire were used for data collection. The results showed that most of the fish farmers were between 18 and 40 years of age (63.64%) and not trained in fish farming (60.61%). The lack of finance (57.57%) was the main constraint to the biosecurity practice. The high fish mortality rate (>15%) was recorded in 66% of the farms. Overall, the compliance rate (CR = 40.52 ± 14.70%) and adoption rate (AR = 40.40 ± 30.10%) of biosecurity measures were intermediate. No type C farm or at the minor risk level of contamination was recorded. Farmers of 18 to 40 years of age (45.24 ± 14.75%) who attended higher school (43.83 ± 14.44%) and received training in fish farming (47.44 ± 14.39%) recorded a significant higher CR. The CR and AR were significantly higher for the isolation component (CR = 60.17 ± 19.81%; AR = 60.17 ± 25.68%) followed by traffic control (CR = 53.53 ± 25.87%; AR = 53.53% ± 34.86) and sanitation (CR = 27.70 ± 19.70%; AR = 29.84 ± 26.00%). A strong (R2 = 0.725), positive, and significant ( p = 0.019 ) linear relationship was found between the level of education of fish farmers and the biosecurity compliance rate while the health status of fish was weakly (R2 = 0.207), positively, and significantly ( p = 0.017 ) influenced by the compliance rate. Fish farming is an income-generating activity that still requires socioeconomic, technical, and institutional efforts for optimal productivity. The Cameroonian government should emphasize on the education, training, and capacity building of farmers on biosecurity practices to minimise the introduction, establishment, and spread of diseases.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Questionnaire Design and The Biosecurity Scoring Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determining Factors and Zootechnical Output of Biosecurity Practices in Fish Farms in the Wouri Division, Cameroon

Georges

Georgette

Henri

et al. 2023

Veterinary Medicine International

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“…All poultry feeds were contaminated by FBs (B1, B2, B3), DON, ZEN, and 20 other mycotoxins that are not yet regulated. With regard to fish farming, in a recent study, they revealed the situation in four regions of Cameroon [ 47 ]. Feeding practices are characterized by the use of locally formulated powdered feeds (31.7%), animal manure, chicken droppings (20.5%), and pig dung (18.7%).…”

Section: Mycotoxins In Food Commodities In Cameroonmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence and Dietary Risk Assessment of Mycotoxins in Most Consumed Foods in Cameroon: Exploring Current Data to Understand Futures Challenges

Ntsama

Frazzoli

Pouokam

et al. 2023

Foods

Self Cite

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Mycotoxins are naturally occurring toxins that contaminate different crops and foodstuffs under certain circumstances during harvesting, handling, storage, and processing. Neither the dietary intake of mycotoxins in Cameroon is well characterized, nor its health effects on the consumers. This review is intended to be the first milestone towards national risk management of mycotoxins. It is noteworthy that mycotoxins contaminate the main staple foods of Cameroonian communities, which are also often used as complementary foods for infants, young children, and people with compromised immune systems (e.g., HIV/AIDS), thus calling for urgent intervention in primary and secondary prevention. Very few data exist on mycotoxin contamination in Cameroonian agricultural commodities and food items. Only 25 studies from 14 different authors have been published in the last decade. On the basis of available data in Cameroon, the Estimated Daily Intake (EDI) of major mycotoxins in foods for Aflatoxins was 0.0018–14.2 µg/kgbw/day in maize, 0.027–2.36 µg/kgbw/day in cassava, and 0.023–0.1 µg/kgbw/day in groundnuts. The estimated daily intake of fumonisins was 0.12–60.6 µg/kgbw/day in maize and 0.056–0.82 µg/kgbw/day in beans. Based on the estimated distribution of human exposure levels by food, maize and cassava are the major sources of exposure and should be prioritized, followed by beans and spices. This estimate will be updated along with improvements on the national database on mycotoxin contamination of Cameroonian foods.

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“…The multiple antibiotic resistance of several pathogens observed in this study might result from the abusive use of antibiotics in fish and poultry farming activities in the West region of Cameroon. Ntsama et al [12] highlighted 75 % of fish farmers in Cameroon used antibiotics without referring to a veterinarian for prescription. Wadoum et al [52] found that in Cameroon, antibiotics administration to poultry as well as their dosage were often subjective.…”

Section: Antibiotic Resistance Profile Of Strains Isolated From Braised Products Sold the City Of Bangangtementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nowadays, the production of fish and chicken in Cameroon it is still insufficient to meet the market demand due to the growing population (2.8 annually) and rapid urbanization which has consequently led to a significant increase in their prices [12]. In order to satisfy the increasing demand of braised products by consumers, antibiotics are used abusively in farming activities, and this could result in the presence of antibiotics residues in final products.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of the Microbial Quality of Braised Products from Bangangte City and Antibiotic Susceptibility of Selected Pathogens Isolated Therein

Pahane

Mouafo²,

Noumo

et al. 2021

AJB2T

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The present study had as objective to assess the microbiological quality and profile of some braised products and their accompanying soups sold in the city of Bangangte (Cameroon) and evaluate the antibiotic susceptibility of selected pathogens isolated in these products. An investigation was conducted in three locations in city of Bangangte in order to assess the environment and working conditions as well as the respect of good hygiene practices. Then, samples of braised fish (05) and its soups (05), and braised chicken (05) and its soups (05) were collected from six vendors in each location. The samples (360) were submitted to microbiological analyses and the isolates were identified at species level using API gallery. The susceptibility of the isolates to 14 antibiotics were tested. The 72 participants involved in this study declared having knowledge on hygiene despite the fact that, most of them had no formal education and do not apply good hygiene practices. Microbiological analyses revealed the poor quality of all the samples of braised products. Fecal coliforms and staphylococci counts higher than the values recommended by norms demonstrated the non-respect of good hygiene and manufacturing practices during the braising activity. The 169 strains isolated from these products belonged to 12 different species: Enterobacter gergoviae, Enterobacter spp., Morganella morganiae, Yersinia enterolitica, Yersinia frederiksenii, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermitidis, Staphylococcus spp., Clostridium spp., Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterobacter aerogene, and Proteus mirabilis. Strains which could be considered as marker of braised fish sold in the city of Bangangte were Yersinia enterolitica, Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumonia while for braised chicken, they were Yersinia enterolitica, Staphylococcus aureus and Proteus mirabilis. The antibiotic susceptibility test performed on these pathogens revealed that they were resistant with 93.75% having multiple antibiotic resistance index values greater than 0.2. We conclude that the microbiological quality of braised products is poor and we suggest to producers to applicate the good hygiene practices. For breeders, we suggest respecting withdrawal periods and the better use of antibiotics.

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Characteristics of fish farming practices and agrochemicals usage therein in four regions of Cameroon

Cited by 27 publications

References 25 publications

Determining Factors and Zootechnical Output of Biosecurity Practices in Fish Farms in the Wouri Division, Cameroon

Determining Factors and Zootechnical Output of Biosecurity Practices in Fish Farms in the Wouri Division, Cameroon

Occurrence and Dietary Risk Assessment of Mycotoxins in Most Consumed Foods in Cameroon: Exploring Current Data to Understand Futures Challenges

Assessment of the Microbial Quality of Braised Products from Bangangte City and Antibiotic Susceptibility of Selected Pathogens Isolated Therein

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