“…For these applications, conformal antennas need to cover a wide bandwidth and have end-fire radiation beam. A variety of conformal antennas have been investigated during the past two decades, including monopole antennas [7,8], slot antennas [9,10], microstrip antenna arrays [11][12][13], log-periodic antennas [14], balanced antipodal Vivaldi antenna [15], and substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) antennas [16,17]. However, most of these antennas are mounted on metallic surfaces and have broadside radiation beam.…”