Characteristics of Direct Injection Gasoline Spray Wall Impingement at Elevated Temperature Conditions

Park, Junesung; Xie, Xuan; Im, Kyoung-Su; Kim, Hoisan; Lai, Ming Chia; Yang, Jia; Han, Zhiyu; Anderson, Richard W.

doi:10.4271/1999-01-3662

Cited by 23 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…However, both the spatial distribution of fuel and air entrainment into the impingement spray have a great influence on combustion characteristics. Sakane et al (1987) clarified that the quantity of ambient gas entrained into spray was enlarged by impingement and that mixing between fuel and ambient gas was promoted. Kawamura and Saito (1993) predicted that the thickness of fuel adhered on the wall decreased with an increase in injection pressure, and that droplet size decreased with a decrease in the nozzle diameter.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Experimental study on macroscopic spray characteristics after impingement in a slit-type GDI injector

Lee

2008

Int.J Automot. Technol.

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In this paper, an experimental study on the wall-impinging spray of the slit-type GDI injector is presented. To examine the effects of various factors on the development of a spray impinging on the wall, experiments were conducted at various injection pressures, ambient pressures, wall distances from the injector tip, wall temperatures, and wall inclination angles. Behavior of the impinging spray was visualized using a planar laser scattering method. It is shown that the spray path penetration of the wall-impinging spray increases with increases in injection pressure, wall distance, wall temperature, or wall angle. On the other hand, the spray path penetration of the wall-impinging spray decreases with increases in ambient pressure. The predicted spray path penetration calculated by the empirical equation estimates the spray path penetration in all cases, and the empirical equation is optimized for the total injection pressure.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Experimental study on macroscopic spray characteristics after impingement in a slit-type GDI injector

Lee

2008

Int.J Automot. Technol.

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“…The Kelvin-Helmholtz and Rayleigh-Taylor (KH-RT) breakup model, the No Time Counter (NTC) collision model, and the renormalization group (RNG) k-e model are used, in conjunction with the RANS solver. The uncertainty in the liquid fractions of the multi-phase jets and the interactions among different spray plumes, as well as and the potential of flash boiling [5,15,[20][21][22][23] make it difficult to simulate the dynamic spray plumes using RANS simulation, although reasonable agreement in spray plume penetration could be achieved. The spray characteristics of the two injectors A and B used in this paper has been well characterized in spray chambers and validated using CFD previously [14,15].…”

Section: In-cylinder Spray/mixing Characterizationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mie scattering, back-lighting, and Schlieren visualization have been widely adopted for spray visualization [1,[4][5][6][7][8][20][21][22][23]. Compared to Diesel sprays, the DISI sprays have smaller enclosed cone angle, more volatile fuels, shorter aspect-ratio nozzle holes and consequently more unstable vortices.…”

Section: In-cylinder Spray/mixing Characterizationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

CFD Simulation and Optical Engine Diagnostics of Mixture Formation Processes in DI Gasoline Engine with Flexible Valvetrain

Zheng

Lee

Matsumoto

et al. 2012

Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering

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The interactions of multi-hole direct injection (DI) gasoline sprays with the charge motion are investigated using computational fluid dynamics simulation and high-speed imaging of sprays inside engines. Advanced flexible valve-train, with valve-deactivation and variable valve-lift, produces very dynamic charge flow motions, with varying tumble and swirl ratios. The resultant turbulent flow interact with off-axis multiple-hole DI injections, has important implications for the engine mixing and resultant combustion performance. The effects of injection timing on the bulk flow motion and fuel-air mixing in an optical accessible engine, in terms of tumble and swirl ratios, turbulence, and fuel wall film behaviors are first discussed for the conventional baseline engine geometry. The early-and latevariable intake valve closing events are then tested in a metal engine. The effects of different valve lifts and valve deactivation on the mixing and combustion are then discussed. Using integral analyses of the simulation results, the mechanisms in reducing fuel consumption and emissions in a variable valve-actuation engine, fuelled by side-mounted multi-hole DI injectors are illustrated. The implications to the engine mixing and the resultant combustion in a metal engine are demonstrated.

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“…The authors found that the extent of wall impingement varies significantly with the injector mounting position and the spray cone angle; however, its effects can be reduced by optimizing the injection timing. Park et al (1999) studied the direct-injection gasoline spray-wall interaction inside a pressurized chamber at both cold and elevated temperature conditions. Two hollow cone highpressure swirl injectors with different cone angles (20°and 60°) were used.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Fuel spray visualization and its impingement analysis on in-cylinder surfaces in a direct-injection spark-ignition engine

Mittal

Hung

Zhu

et al. 2011

J Vis

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Experiments are performed to investigate the effects of fuel spray on in-cylinder mixture preparation and its impingement on cylinder walls and piston top inside a direct-injection spark-ignition engine with optical access to the cylinder. Novel image processing algorithms are developed to analyze the fuel impingement quantitatively on in-cylinder surfaces. The technique is useful to optimize the fuel pressure, injection timing and the number of injections to minimize the fuel impingement on in-cylinder surfaces. E85, which represents a blend of 85% ethanol and 15% gasoline (by volume) is used in this study. Two types of fuel injectors are used; (i) low-pressure production-intent injector with fuel pressure of 3 MPa, and (ii) high-pressure production injector with fuel pressures of 5 and 10 MPa. In addition, the effects of split injection are also presented by maintaining the same amount of fuel used in single injection. It is found that the split injection is an effective way to reduce the overall fuel impingement on in-cylinder surfaces while maintaining a reasonably good air-fuel mixture in the cylinder.

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Characteristics of Direct Injection Gasoline Spray Wall Impingement at Elevated Temperature Conditions

Cited by 23 publications

References 6 publications

Experimental study on macroscopic spray characteristics after impingement in a slit-type GDI injector

Experimental study on macroscopic spray characteristics after impingement in a slit-type GDI injector

CFD Simulation and Optical Engine Diagnostics of Mixture Formation Processes in DI Gasoline Engine with Flexible Valvetrain

Fuel spray visualization and its impingement analysis on in-cylinder surfaces in a direct-injection spark-ignition engine

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