Characteristics of Diffusion in the Corticospinal Tract of Patients with Early Stage of Schizophrenia: Diffusion Tensor Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Ublinskii, M. V.; Семенова, Н. А.; Lukovkina, O. V.; Sidorin, S. V.; Лебедева, И. С.; Каледа, В. Г.; Barkhatova, A. N.; Ахадов, Т. А.

doi:10.1007/s10517-015-2881-1

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Nonetheless, some studies also implicate the posterior limb, which contains corticospinal, cortico-bulbar, and cortico-cerebellar fibers and the superior thalamic radiation in the schizophrenia pathology. Posterior limb white matter integrity reductions, measured as fractional anisotropy, were previously reported in a small group of patients with early-stage schizophrenia [47]. Further underscoring the role of this region in the illness, a machine learning based pattern recognition study discovered that fractional anisotropy of the corticospinal tract was one of the most prominent discriminant features separating HC from first-episode schizophrenia patients [48].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

A longitudinal neurite and free water imaging study in patients with a schizophrenia spectrum disorder

Kraguljac

Anthony

Monroe

et al. 2019

Neuropsychopharmacol.

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Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) studies show widespread white matter abnormalities in schizophrenia, but it is difficult to directly relate these parameters to biological processes. Neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging (NODDI) is geared toward biophysical characterization of white matter microstructure, but only few studies have leveraged this technique to study white matter alterations. We recruited 42 schizophrenia patients (30 antipsychotic-naïve and 12 currently untreated) and 42 matched controls in this prospective study. We assessed the orientation dispersion index (ODI) and extracellular free water (FW) using singleshell DTI data before and after a 6-week trial of risperidone. Longitudinal data were available for 27 patients. Voxelwise analyses showed significantly increased ODI in the posterior limb of the internal capsule in unmedicated patients (242 voxels; x = −24; y = 6; z = 6; p < 0.01; α < 0.04), but no alterations in FW. Whole brain measures did not reveal alterations in ODI but a 6.3% trend-level increase in FW in unmedicated SZ (t = −1.873; p = 0.07). Baseline ODI was negatively correlated with subsequent response to antipsychotic treatment (r = −0.38; p = 0.049). Here, we demonstrated altered fiber complexity in medication-naïve and unmedicated patients with a schizophrenia spectrum illness. Lesser whole brain fiber uniformity was predictive of poor response to treatment, suggesting this measure may be a clinically relevant biomarker. Interestingly, we found no significant changes in NODDI indices after short-term treatment with risperidone. Our data show that biophysical diffusion models have promise for the in vivo evaluation of brain microstructure in this devastating neuropsychiatric syndrome.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

A longitudinal neurite and free water imaging study in patients with a schizophrenia spectrum disorder

Kraguljac

Anthony

Monroe

et al. 2019

Neuropsychopharmacol.

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“…Thus, we included complementary approaches, which incorporated voxel-wise and regional approach, to improve specificity of reported deficits. Alterations in the corticospinal tract in at-risk individuals suggests that WM deficits may be linked to motoric disturbances or psychomotor slowing noted in psychosis 71, 72 . What role these motoric disturbances play in the associated cognitive performance deficits remains unknown and should be further investigated.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alterations in white matter microstructure in individuals at persistent risk for psychosis

Roalf

Garza

Rosen³

et al. 2019

Mol Psychiatry

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Abnormalities in brain white matter (WM) are reported in youth at-risk for psychosis. Yet, the neurodevelopmental time course of these abnormalities remains unclear. Thus, longitudinal diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) was used to investigate WM abnormalities in youth at-risk for psychosis. A subset of individuals from the Philadelphia Neurodevelopmental Cohort (PNC) completed two DWI scans approximately 20 months apart. Youths were identified through structured interview as having subthreshold persistent psychosis risk symptoms (n=46), and were compared to healthy typically developing participants (TD; n=98). Analyses were conducted at voxelwise and regional levels. Nonlinear developmental patterns were examined using penalized splines within a generalized additive model. Compared to TD, youth with persistent psychosis risk symptoms had lower whole brain WM fractional anisotropy (FA) and higher radial diffusivity (RD). Voxelwise analyses revealed clusters of significant WM abnormalities within the temporal and parietal lobes. Lower FA within the cingulum bundle of hippocampus and cerebrospinal tracts were the most robust deficits in individuals with persistent psychosis symptoms. These findings were consistent over two visits. Thus, it appears that WM abnormalities are present early in youth with persistent psychosis risk symptoms, however there is little evidence to suggest that these features emerge in late adolescence or early adulthood. Future studies should seek to characterize WM abnormalities in younger individuals and follow individuals as subthreshold psychotic symptoms emerge.

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“…The inconsistency of imaging study findings in FEP can be attributed to several factors. These include the inconsistency among studies regarding the actual definition of FEP (Breitborde, Srihari, & Woods, 2009), the limited power to detect subtle abnormalities in small samples (Buchy et al, 2018; Emsley et al, 2017; Guma et al, 2017; Kong et al, 2011; Kuang et al, 2017; Lee et al, 2012; Lian et al, 2018; McNabb et al, 2018; Peters et al, 2008; Serpa et al, 2017), as well as the bias in the selection of MRI modalities and regions of interest (ROIs) (Baglivo et al, 2018; Cho et al, 2019; Forns‐Nadal et al, 2017; Huttlova et al, 2014; Lang et al, 2006; McHugo et al, 2018; Parellada et al, 2017; Sauras et al, 2017; Ublinskii et al, 2015; Vargas et al, 2018). Analyzing features through multiple MRI modalities over the whole brain became possible with the evolution of the scanners.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MultimodalMRIassessment for first episode psychosis: A major change in the thalamus and an efficient stratification of a subgroup

Faria

Zhao

et al. 2020

Human Brain Mapping

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Multi‐institutional brain imaging studies have emerged to resolve conflicting results among individual studies. However, adjusting multiple variables at the technical and cohort levels is challenging. Therefore, it is important to explore approaches that provide meaningful results from relatively small samples at institutional levels. We studied 87 first episode psychosis (FEP) patients and 62 healthy subjects by combining supervised integrated factor analysis (SIFA) with a novel pipeline for automated structure‐based analysis, an efficient and comprehensive method for dimensional data reduction that our group recently established. We integrated multiple MRI features (volume, DTI indices, resting state fMRI—rsfMRI) in the whole brain of each participant in an unbiased manner. The automated structure‐based analysis showed widespread DTI abnormalities in FEP and rs‐fMRI differences between FEP and healthy subjects mostly centered in thalamus. The combination of multiple modalities with SIFA was more efficient than the use of single modalities to stratify a subgroup of FEP (individuals with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder) that had more robust deficits from the overall FEP group. The information from multiple MRI modalities and analytical methods highlighted the thalamus as significantly abnormal in FEP. This study serves as a proof‐of‐concept for the potential of this methodology to reveal disease underpins and to stratify populations into more homogeneous sub‐groups.

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Characteristics of Diffusion in the Corticospinal Tract of Patients with Early Stage of Schizophrenia: Diffusion Tensor Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Cited by 7 publications

References 11 publications

A longitudinal neurite and free water imaging study in patients with a schizophrenia spectrum disorder

A longitudinal neurite and free water imaging study in patients with a schizophrenia spectrum disorder

Alterations in white matter microstructure in individuals at persistent risk for psychosis

MultimodalMRIassessment for first episode psychosis: A major change in the thalamus and an efficient stratification of a subgroup

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