Characteristics of Cu plasma produced by a laser interaction with a solid target

Abstract

Characteristics of laser produced Cu plasma were investigated using spectroscopy, a CCD camera, and a Langmuir single probe. A pulsed Nd : YAG laser of 52 mJ, 335 nm, and pulse duration 7 ns was used for generating high density plasma in vacuum and argon buffer gas. Spectroscopic measurements were devoted to determine plasma lifetime, electron temperature T e , plasma velocity V p , and electron density N e . T e was determined using a Boltzmann plot and N e was determined using Stark line broadening. Langmuir single probe was located at 3.5 mm from Cu target to measure T e and N e . The T e values of the probe were coincident with the spatial profile of determined by spectroscopic measurements. Plasma lifetime and the CCD camera image were dependent on the Ar pressure. These plasma parameters improve the laser plasma deposition thin films.

Effect of atmosphere on collinear double-pulse laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy

“…At low pressures of 1 Torr and 10 Torr DP-LIBS resulted in no increase in spectral intensity for either Ar or air compared to SP-LIBS. These results are consistent with those reported by Hafez et al [46] looked at SP-LIBS in lower pressures of Ar (1-7 Torr) and observed that signal increases with increasing Ar pressures. While higher pressures result in more collisions with the buffer gas, which decreases plasma lifetime, the observed enhancement was attributed to energy transfer from the buffer gas to analyte.…”

“…Results reported by Iida [45] revealed that that He and Ar atmospheres were both effective for increasing LIBS spectral intensity compared to air at one atmosphere (~760 Torr). At higher pressures, there are more collisions with the buffer gas, which leads to decreased plasma lifetime, but an enhancement of energy transfer from buffer gas to analyte [46]. Heavier buffer gases due slow plume expansion resulting in shorter plasma length and better plasma confinement [47,48].…”

“…Similar to DP-LIBS, expansion of a laser produced plume in a background or buffer gas is also complicated and difficult to model thoroughly [41,50]. This can be further complicated when changes in pressure are included [46]. Reduced pressures have been used to increase spectral resolution and signal-to-noise (S/N), but often at the expense of signal intensity [51,44].…”

Measurement of electron number density and temperature of laser-induced Silver plasma

“…Various researchers world wide have studied and reported effect of laser irradiation on Cu, Li, Zn, Al, Fe, Pb, Sn, Si and their alloy under ambient pressure, vacuum and using gases like argon and neon. They also studied the END and ET behavior at different laser harmonic, energy level and distances of target material from the laser irradiance by using ranges of spectroscopic methods [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30]. From last few decades, due to diverse applications as well as ease of utilization, relative simplicity, low cost and highshot-rate capability of laser driven material has became a very important field and the description of material in the form of ET and END has added a substantial curiosity in recent years for the understanding and utilization of these complex matter in daily life.…”

Surface nanostructuring of laser ablated copper in ambient gas atmosphere and a magnetic field

“…Assuming the plasma in local thermodynamic equilibrium; using the ratio of intensities of various CuI lines we estimated plasma temperature of ϳ1.0 eV and ϳ1.5 eV in helium and argon ambient respectively. 22 Figure 3͑a͒ ͑i͒ and Fig. 3͑b͒ ͑i͒ show the formation of Cu 2 ͑A-X͒ band 23 observed at 390.00 and 426.00 nm during the plume expansion in ambient atmosphere of helium and argon respectively.…”