Abstract:The effect of temperatures on cold acclimation and deacclimation in foliage tissues was studied in Solan commersonii (Oka 4583), a tuberbearing potato. The threshold temperature for cold acclimation was about 12 C. In a temperature range of 2 to 12 C, the increase in hardiness was dependent on the acclimating temperature; the lower the acclimating temperature, the more hardiness achieved. A day/night temperature of 2 C, regardless of photoperiod, appeared to the optimum acclimating temperature for the SoIuuam … Show more
“…1B, 1C). In good accordance to previous studies, these data suggest that Arabidopsis is capable of rapidly perceiving warm temperature and quickly transitions away from a CA state (12,13,33). In order to better understand the CA and DA mechanism and rapid transitions, we designed a comparative study that incorporated the usage of both CA and DA-treated samples for protein and mRNA analyses.…”
Section: Resultssupporting
confidence: 75%
“…In comparison to CA, the DA response is more rapid under both field and experimental conditions. In the case of Solanum species, 15 days are required in order to acquire maximum cold tolerance during CA, however, this acquired cold tolerance is lost within only 1 day during DA (12). Similarly, cabbage seedlings have also been reported to lose freezing tolerance and to decrease sugar contents within 24 h of DA (13).…”
Overwintering plants are capable of exhibiting high levels of cold tolerance, which is acquired through the process of cold acclimation (CA). In contrast to CA, the acquired freezing tolerance is rapidly reduced during cold de-acclimation (DA) and plants resume growth after sensing warm temperatures. In order to better understand plant growth and development, and to aid in the breeding of cold-tolerant plants, it is important to decipher the functional mechanisms of the DA process. In this study, we performed comparative transcriptomic and proteomic analyses during CA and DA. As revealed by shotgun proteomics, we identified 3987 peptides originating from 1569 unique proteins and the corresponding mRNAs were analyzed. Among the 1569 genes, 658 genes were specifically induced at the transcriptional level during the process of cold acclimation. In order to investigate the relationship between mRNA and the corresponding protein expression pattern, a Pearson correlation was analyzed. Interestingly, 199 genes showed a positive correlation of mRNA and protein expression pattern, indicating that both their transcription and translation occurred during CA. However, 226 genes showed a negative correlation of mRNA and protein expression pattern, indicating that their mRNAs were transcribed during CA and were stored for the subsequent DA step. Under this scenario, those proteins were specifically increased during DA without additional transcription of mRNA. In order to confirm the negative correlation of mRNA and protein expression patterns, qRT-PCR and western blot analyses were performed. Mitochondrial malate dehydrogenase 1 (mMDH1) exhibited a negative correlation of mRNA and protein levels, which was characterized by CA-specific mRNA induction and protein accumulation specifically during DA. These data indicate that the expression of specific mRNAs and subsequent accumulation of corresponding proteins are not always in accordance under low temperature stress conditions in plants. Molecular & Cellular
“…1B, 1C). In good accordance to previous studies, these data suggest that Arabidopsis is capable of rapidly perceiving warm temperature and quickly transitions away from a CA state (12,13,33). In order to better understand the CA and DA mechanism and rapid transitions, we designed a comparative study that incorporated the usage of both CA and DA-treated samples for protein and mRNA analyses.…”
Section: Resultssupporting
confidence: 75%
“…In comparison to CA, the DA response is more rapid under both field and experimental conditions. In the case of Solanum species, 15 days are required in order to acquire maximum cold tolerance during CA, however, this acquired cold tolerance is lost within only 1 day during DA (12). Similarly, cabbage seedlings have also been reported to lose freezing tolerance and to decrease sugar contents within 24 h of DA (13).…”
Overwintering plants are capable of exhibiting high levels of cold tolerance, which is acquired through the process of cold acclimation (CA). In contrast to CA, the acquired freezing tolerance is rapidly reduced during cold de-acclimation (DA) and plants resume growth after sensing warm temperatures. In order to better understand plant growth and development, and to aid in the breeding of cold-tolerant plants, it is important to decipher the functional mechanisms of the DA process. In this study, we performed comparative transcriptomic and proteomic analyses during CA and DA. As revealed by shotgun proteomics, we identified 3987 peptides originating from 1569 unique proteins and the corresponding mRNAs were analyzed. Among the 1569 genes, 658 genes were specifically induced at the transcriptional level during the process of cold acclimation. In order to investigate the relationship between mRNA and the corresponding protein expression pattern, a Pearson correlation was analyzed. Interestingly, 199 genes showed a positive correlation of mRNA and protein expression pattern, indicating that both their transcription and translation occurred during CA. However, 226 genes showed a negative correlation of mRNA and protein expression pattern, indicating that their mRNAs were transcribed during CA and were stored for the subsequent DA step. Under this scenario, those proteins were specifically increased during DA without additional transcription of mRNA. In order to confirm the negative correlation of mRNA and protein expression patterns, qRT-PCR and western blot analyses were performed. Mitochondrial malate dehydrogenase 1 (mMDH1) exhibited a negative correlation of mRNA and protein levels, which was characterized by CA-specific mRNA induction and protein accumulation specifically during DA. These data indicate that the expression of specific mRNAs and subsequent accumulation of corresponding proteins are not always in accordance under low temperature stress conditions in plants. Molecular & Cellular
“…Ultimately, tissue in each freezing rate treatment experienced the same level of dehydration stress since adjacent tissue from the same leaflet (Fig. 4) would have approximately the same initial osmotic concentration and thus reach nearly identical levels of tissue water content at -3.5°C (2). The mechanism by which the rate of dehydration affects cell functions is not clear; however, one important factor may be the amount of time required for various domains within the cell to equilibrate to the drastically changing cellular environment.…”
Section: Influence Of Freeze-thaw Protocol On the Sensitivity Of Photmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…(PI 472659) and Solanum commersonii Dun. (PI 472834), which when grown under the conditions described below, can survive frosts down to -6.0 and -4.5°C, respectively (2,12). Clonal material from each species was maintained in aseptic culture on MS media (16 Leaves that were nearly 'fully expanded' (80-90% of the largest leaves on the plant) and which had been exposed to an incident light level of 375±25 Lmol.…”
The relative effect of a freeze-thaw cycle on photosynthesis, respiration, and ion leakage of potato leaf tissue was examined in two potato species, Solanum acaule Bitt. and Solanum commersonii Dun. Photosynthesis was found to be much more sensitive to freezing stress than was respiration, and demonstrated more than a 60% inhibition before any impairment of respiratory function was observed. Photosynthesis showed a slight to moderate inhibition when only 5 to 10% of the total electrolytes had leaked from the tissue (reversible injury). This was in contrast to respiration which showed no impairment until temperatures at which about 50% ion leakage (irreversible injury) had occurred. The influence of freeze-thaw protocol was further examined in S. acaule and S. commersonii, in order to explore discrepancies in the literature as to the relative sensitivities of photosynthesis and respiration. As bath cooling rates increased from 1°C/hour to about 3 or 6°C/hour, there was a dramatic increase in the level of damage to all measured cellular functions. The initiation of ice formation in deeply supercooled tissue caused even greater damage. As the cooling rates used in stress treatments increased, the differential sensitivity between photosynthesis and respiration nearly disappeared. Examination of agriculturally relevant, climatological data from an 11 year period confirmed that air cooling rates in the freezing range do not exceed 2°C/hour. It was demonstrated, in the studies presented here, that simply increasing the actual cooling rate from 1.0 to 2.90C/hour, in frozen tissue from paired leaflet halves, meant the difference between cell survival and cell death.While the effects of freezing on a number of essential cellular and subcellular processes have been extensively studied (1 1, 13, 14), there has been little effort to relate systematically the sequential development of injury to several of these processes during the imposition of realistic freezing and thawing stress on an intact tissue system. To the contrary, many of the investigations in this area rely solely on results obtained with isolated systems, such as chloroplasts or thylakoid membranes, which can lead to conclusions that are often non consistent with those derived from intact tissue (8,9).
“…The severity of decline in tuber quality and yield increases when heat stress accompanies drought stress (Ahn et al, 2004). Potato yield is also influenced drastically by low temperatures because it is a temperate crop that cannot acclimate to frost, which is a major concern that causes damage to crops (Chen and Li, 1980;Barrientos et al, 1994;Vega and Bamberg, 1995).…”
Sustainable potato production practices are crucial for food security and social sustainability in the future since potato is a highly nutritious food and it is considered as one of the most promising crops to reduce human hunger and poverty in the world due to its high yield potential. However, being a temperate crop, potato is exposed to various environmental stresses, including extended periods of drought and heat. The majority of potato genomics, transcriptomics, and transgenics studies concentrate on the characterization of molecular mechanisms governing cold hardiness of tubers and response and tolerance mechanisms against diseases. Likewise, potato breeding studies focus on increasing the yield, extending the postharvest storage, and developing cultivars that withstand biotic stresses. The number of genomics, transcriptomics, and transgenics studies of drought and heat tolerance in potato is limited, although they are necessary state-of-the-art research procedures to characterize and identify the regulatory mechanism underlying any stresses in order to develop new crop varieties that can tolerate harsh environmental conditions. For these reasons, this review focuses on recent advances in genomics, transcriptomics, and transgenics of drought and heat tolerance in potato.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.