Characteristics of Chromophoric and Fluorescent Dissolved Organic Matter in the Nordic Seas

Makarewicz, Anna; Kowalczuk, Piotr; Sagan, Sławomir; Granskog, Mats A.; Pavlov, Alexey; Zdun, Agnieszka; Borzycka, Karolina; Zabłocka, Monika

doi:10.5194/os-2017-100

Cited by 7 publications

(28 citation statements)

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“…Pavlov et al () investigated CDOM dynamics in Kongsfjorden (West Spitsbergen), lately dominated by advection of AW, and demonstrated that CDOM in surface layer is primarily of autochthonous origin with properties comparable to AW in the WSC. Observations reported by Makarewicz et al () in Nordic Seas revealed significant year‐to‐year variability in CDOM absorption associated with variable interplay of cold and low‐salinity water from the Sørkapp Current and intensity of AW inflow.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…A detailed description of water masses in the study region has been presented by Makarewicz et al (), who modified Rudels et al () classification to better represent local solar heating and the corresponding decrease in potential density of AW (at salinity >34.9). In summer 2013, 2014, and 2015, the study area was dominated by two water masses: AW that occupied depths below 60 m and Polar Surface Water warm (PSWw; Figure ), from surface to 60‐m depth.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Two other water masses were also identified, Arctic Atlantic Water (AAW), at depths below 60 m on westernmost stations on sections S and N and PSW at depths shallower than ~30 m on the northern flanks of sections NB and WB and western part of section EX (Figure ). The extent of AW along its inflow path varied between years (Makarewicz et al, ). The strongest horizontal gradients were observed in the northern part of the sampling polygon, where warm AW encountered cold PSW at the ice edge and formed a strong frontal area between 80°N and 81°N (Makarewicz et al, ; Walczowski, ; Walczowski et al, ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The extent of AW along its inflow path varied between years (Makarewicz et al, ). The strongest horizontal gradients were observed in the northern part of the sampling polygon, where warm AW encountered cold PSW at the ice edge and formed a strong frontal area between 80°N and 81°N (Makarewicz et al, ; Walczowski, ; Walczowski et al, ). In 2013 and 2015 AW reached the northernmost sampling stations of sections WB and NB, while in 2014 AW hardly reached the northwestern tip of Spitsbergen (Makarewicz et al, ; Walczowski et al, ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The strongest horizontal gradients were observed in the northern part of the sampling polygon, where warm AW encountered cold PSW at the ice edge and formed a strong frontal area between 80°N and 81°N (Makarewicz et al, ; Walczowski, ; Walczowski et al, ). In 2013 and 2015 AW reached the northernmost sampling stations of sections WB and NB, while in 2014 AW hardly reached the northwestern tip of Spitsbergen (Makarewicz et al, ; Walczowski et al, ). Latitudinal extent of PSWw was less variable, usually remaining along and west of the 0°E meridian being consistent with frontal pattern described by Walczowski ().…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bio‐optical Properties of Surface Waters in the Atlantic Water Inflow Region off Spitsbergen (Arctic Ocean)

et al. 2019

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Bio‐optical properties of surface waters were characterized off western and northern Spitsbergen in the summers of 2013, 2014, and 2015. We observed statistically significant year‐to‐year differences in spatial distribution of spectral absorption (a(λ)) and beam attenuation (c(λ)). Highest a(λ) and c(λ) were located in the frontal zone between water masses and co‐varied strongly with chlorophyll a fluorescence. Phytoplankton pigments dominated the absorption budget at 443 nm (50%). The contribution of chromophoric dissolved organic matter to total nonwater absorption was highest at 412 nm (42%), and detrital absorption contributed most at 550 nm (37%). Almost all inherent optical properties, except chromophoric dissolved organic matter, were highly correlated with the chlorophyll a concentration (Chla, R2 > 0.81). Relationships between Chla and the particulate and phytoplankton pigments absorption coefficients at 443 and 676 nm were characterized by significant determination coefficients (R2 > 0.73). The phytoplankton pigments line height absorption aLH(676) was found to be the most reliable optical proxy for determination of Chla, compared to total nonwater absorption, apg(676), and stimulated in situ chlorophyll a fluorescence intensity, IChla. In the presence of sea ice melt the water column was stratified and the vertical distribution of inherent optical properties was characterized by a surface minimum followed by a distinct subsurface maximum, aligned with a subsurface chlorophyll a maximum. We surmise that prevailing regional wind patterns affect sea ice and surface drift in central Fram Strait, and thus the location of sea ice meltwater, which affects the vertical stratification and occurrence of subsurface chlorophyll a maximum.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bio‐optical Properties of Surface Waters in the Atlantic Water Inflow Region off Spitsbergen (Arctic Ocean)

et al. 2019

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Insights into Water Mass Origins in the Central Arctic Ocean from in-situ Dissolved Organic Matter Fluorescence.

Stedmon

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Bauch

et al. 2021

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The central Arctic Ocean is surrounded by expansive shelf seas which influence ocean circulation and seawater properties (Figure 1). Shallow depths restrict deep water exchange to only occur in the Fram Strait. Much of the surface water inflow occurs over the expansive shelf sea areas, where river runoff and extensive seasonal sea-ice formation and melt modify the physical and chemical properties. Inflowing waters from the Pacific and Atlantic also loose heat to the atmosphere and are cooled during their passage over the shelves (

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Interannual Variability in the Absorption and Fluorescence Characteristics of Dissolved Organic Matter in the Canada Basin Polar Mixed Waters

et al. 2019

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Dissolved organic matter (DOM) absorption and fluorescence properties were investigated for seawater samples collected from the polar mixed layer (0–30 m) of the Canada Basin in 2010–2012. Sea ice concentration as well as fractions of meteoric and sea ice meltwater (fMW and fSIM) calculated from oxygen isotope ratio (δ18O) were applied to assess the importance of discrete freshwater inputs to the distribution of DOM. Parallel factor analysis identified four humic‐like (C1‐2 and C4‐C5) and one protein‐like (C3) fluorescent components in 380 excitation‐emission matrix spectra. Surprisingly, despite different sea ice cover and biological regimes, DOM composition was largely homogeneous spanning these annual surveys. A strong and reoccurring coastal influence on DOM absorption and humic‐like DOM was observed each year and was particularly pronounced during the summer 2011 survey. Enrichment of DOM humic signal (C1, C2, and C4) in brine‐rich (fSIM < 0) waters relative to sea ice melt‐dominated waters (fSIM > 0; p < 0.05) was found during 2011 and 2012 in the offshore region (>76°N) where coastal influences were minimal (fMW < 0.1). Similar fSIM < 0 were found for 2011 and 2012, either when considering the Canada Basin as a whole or the offshore region (>76°N) exclusively, which could imply that brine formation influenced humic signals in polar mixed layer seawater. Findings herein highlight that future projected changes in freshwater sources and brine production in the Canada Basin will likely implicate the distribution and composition of DOM.

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Characteristics of Chromophoric and Fluorescent Dissolved Organic Matter in the Nordic Seas

Abstract: 25Optical properties of Chromophoric (CDOM) concentrations in the study region, and the slope coefficient (S 300-600 ) shows some promise to 53 be used. 54Ocean Sci. Discuss., https://doi

Cited by 7 publications

References 1 publication

Bio‐optical Properties of Surface Waters in the Atlantic Water Inflow Region off Spitsbergen (Arctic Ocean)

Bio‐optical Properties of Surface Waters in the Atlantic Water Inflow Region off Spitsbergen (Arctic Ocean)

Insights into Water Mass Origins in the Central Arctic Ocean from in-situ Dissolved Organic Matter Fluorescence.

Interannual Variability in the Absorption and Fluorescence Characteristics of Dissolved Organic Matter in the Canada Basin Polar Mixed Waters

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