Characteristics of carbon-coated graphite prepared from mixture of graphite and polyvinylchloride as anode materials for lithium ion batteries

Synthesis and electrochemical evaluation of carbon coated Cu6Sn5 alloy-graphite composite lithium battery anodes

“…On the other hand, carbonization of PVC above 500°C is found to slightly increase the crystalline size [discussed in the particle size analysis section], despite the monotonic decrease of the h/c atomic ratio especially at 1000°C [33]. As a result, the carbon coated over the alloy/graphite composite is expected to have disordered or amorphous nature, as reported by Lee et al [32]. However, the disordered carbon is found to wrap and mask the entire surface of Cu 6 Sn 5 /graphite composite due to which the peak corresponding to graphite, which is obvious at 2h = 26° (Fig.…”

“…On the other hand, carbon coating was carried out through the pyrolysis of PVC, a polymer with no oxygen content, in order to avoid the risk of tin oxidation upon decomposition of the polymer, which is the highlight of this study. Even though it is reported that carbon coating through propylene carbonate based electrolyte reduces the irreversible capacity of anodes [32], disordered carbon coating through the pyrolysis of PVC has been chosen for this study, based on the fact that porous PVC polymer absorbs the alloy/graphite composite precursor effectively [33].…”

Pyrolyzed polyaniline and graphene nano sheet composite with improved rate and cycle performance for lithium storage

“…[6], among them, doping of nitrogen was reported through various techniques such as chemical vapor deposition (CVD) [ solid phase and thermal annealing [8]. In addition, carboncoated nano-carbon materials, such as carbon-coated graphene [9][10][11] and graphite [12][13][14] have shown improved performance in Li-ion storage. The approaches of graphene compositing with heteroatoms can reveal unique physical and chemical properties and improve stability and surface reactivity that are not possible from graphene alone.…”

Microstructural Characterization of Nanocrystalline Sn-Coated Carbon Fibre Electrodes Cycled in Li-Ion Cells

“…[12] Electrode surface modification is a common focus of the attempts made in order to improve the electrochemical performance. [13][14][15][16][17][18][19] For example, heating Li-ion cells containing graphite electrodes at 333 K (60°C) in an EC-based electrolyte was found to generate a Li 2 CO 3 -enriched SEI on graphite surface, which in turn ensued a 28 pct increase in the battery capacity when subsequently tested at 298 K (25°C). [13] In another study, Li 2 CO 3 particles were pre-deposited on the surfaces of electrodes prior to cycling.…”

“…It was observed that the reversible lithium intercalation capacity increased with the amount of disorder induced in the milled samples by these treatments. [15] Application of carbon coatings by thermal vapour decomposition treatment at 1273 K (1000°C) [16] and heat-treatment of graphite/PVC mixtures at 1073 K (800°C)-1273 K (1000°C) in Ar [17] showed that the irreversible capacity decreased while the Coulombic efficiency increased with an increase in the coating thickness. Another surface modification method for graphite anodes was developed by encapsulating polyacrylonitrile (PAN) [18] on the surface of natural graphite particles via radiation-initiated polymerization.…”