Characteristics of Black Carbon Aerosol during the Chinese Lunar Year and Weekdays in Xi’an, China

Wang, Qiyuan; Liu, Suixin; Zhou, Yaqing; Cao, Junji; Han, Yongming; Ni, Haiyan; Huang, Ru‐Jin

doi:10.3390/atmos6020195

Cited by 16 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…At NOA, a Portable Aethalometer ® Model AE42 was used and aerosol sampling was performed with no size cut. As BC mainly contributes to PM 1 (Laborde et al, 2013;Wang et al, 2015), differences in the eBC concentrations due to the different aerodynamic diameters of sampled aerosols are expected to be negligible. Raw absorption coefficients at a given wavelength λ (b aeth,λ ) from the AE42 dataset were corrected from loading and scattering effects following the procedure introduced by Weingartner et al (2003).…”

Section: Aerosol Light Absorption and Equivalent Black Carbonmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of wood burning versus fossil fuel contribution to wintertime black carbon and carbon monoxide concentrations in Athens, Greece

et al. 2018

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Abstract. The scope of this study was to estimate the contribution of fossil fuel and wood burning combustion to black carbon (BC) and carbon monoxide (CO) during wintertime, in Athens. For that purpose, in situ measurements of equivalent black carbon (eBC) and CO were simultaneously conducted in a suburban and an urban background monitoring site in Athens during the 3 months of winter 2014-2015. For the deconvolution of eBC into eBC emitted from fossil fuel (BC ff ) and wood burning (BC wb ), a method based on the spectral dependency of the absorption of pure black carbon and brown carbon was used. Thereafter, BC wb and BC ff estimated fractions were used along with measured CO concentrations in a multiple regression analysis, in order to quantify the contribution of each one of the combustion sources to the ambient CO levels. For a comparative analysis of the results, we additionally estimated the wood burning and fossil fuel contribution to CO, calculated on the basis of their CO / NO x emission ratios. The results indicate that during wintertime BC and CO are mainly emitted by local sources within the Athens Metropolitan Area (AMA). Fossil fuel combustion, mainly from road traffic, is found to be the major contributor to both eBC in PM 2.5 and CO ambient concentrations in AMA. However, wintertime wood burning makes a significant contribution to the observed eBC (of about 30 %) and CO concentrations (on average, 11 and 16 % of total CO in the suburban and urban background sites respectively). Both BC and CO from biomass burning (BC wb and CO wb , respectively) present a clear diurnal pattern, with the highest concentrations during night-time, supporting the theory of local domestic heating being their main source.

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Section: Aerosol Light Absorption and Equivalent Black Carbonmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of wood burning versus fossil fuel contribution to wintertime black carbon and carbon monoxide concentrations in Athens, Greece

et al. 2018

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“…The instrument sampled from a PM 10 cut-off inlet and recorded 5-min average attenuation coefficients. Since ambient BC is mainly related to fine particles [25,26], the obtained BC concentrations may be assessed together with PM 2.5 chemical composition data, as described below. The raw data collected by the aethalometer were corrected for the multiple scattering and shadowing effects, with the use of parallel measurements of aerosol scattering obtained on a 1-min basis by a 3-wavelength nephelometer (Aurora 3000, Ecotech Pty Ltd., Victoria, Australia).…”

Section: Overview Of the Measured Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Annual Variability of Black Carbon Concentrations Originating from Biomass and Fossil Fuel Combustion for the Suburban Aerosol in Athens, Greece

et al. 2017

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Abstract:The objective of this work was to assess the yearly contribution of fossil fuel combustion (BC ff ) and wood burning (BC wb ) to equivalent black carbon (eBC) concentrations, in Athens, Greece. Measurements were conducted at a suburban site from March 2013 to February 2014 and included absorption coefficients at seven wavelengths and PM 2.5 chemical composition data for key biomass burning markers, i.e., levoglucosan, potassium (K) and elemental and organic carbon (EC, OC). A well-documented methodology of corrections for aethalometer attenuation coefficients was applied with a resulting annual dataset of derived absorption coefficients for the suburban Athens' atmospheric aerosol. The Aethalometer model was applied for the source apportionment of eBC. An optimum Ångström exponent for fossil fuel (α ff ) was found, based on the combined use of the model with levoglucosan data. The measured eBC concentrations were equal to 2.4 ± 1.0 µg m −3 and 1.6 ± 0.6 µg m −3 , during the cold and the warm period respectively. The contribution from wood burning was significantly higher during the cold period (21 ± 11%, versus 6 ± 7% in the warm period). BC ff displayed a clear diurnal pattern with a morning peak between 8 and 10 a.m. (during morning rush hour) and a second peak during the evening and night hours, due to the shallowing of the mixing layer. Regression analysis between BC wb concentrations and biomass burning markers (levoglucosan, K and OC/EC ratio) supported the validity of the results.

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“…The commercially available SP2 instrument (Droplet Measurement Technology, Boulder, CO, USA) has proven useful for measuring rBC mass, size, and mixing state (e.g., Gao et al, 2007;Moteki and Kondo, 2007;Schwarz et al, 2010;Wang et al, 2015). The operating principles of the SP2 are described elsewhere (Stephens et al, 2003; 2006).…”

Section: Rbc Mass and Mixing-state Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Black carbon aerosol in winter northeastern Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau, China: the source, mixing state and optical property

et al. 2015

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Abstract. Black carbon (BC) aerosol at high altitudes of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau has potential effects on the regional climate and hydrological cycle. An intensive measurement campaign was conducted at Qinghai Lake ( ∼ 3200 m above sea level) at the edge of the northeastern QinghaiTibetan Plateau during winter using a ground-based single particle soot photometer (SP2) and a photoacoustic extinctiometer (PAX). The average concentration of refractory BC (rBC) and number fraction of coated rBC were found to be 160 ± 190 ng m −3 and 59 % for the entire campaign, respectively. Significant enhancements of rBC loadings and number fraction of coated rBC were observed during a pollution episode, with an average value of 390 ng m −3 and 65 %, respectively. The mass size distribution of rBC particles showed log-normal distribution, with a peak diameter of ∼ 187 nm regardless of the pollution level. Five-day backward trajectory analysis suggests that the air masses from north India contributed to the increased rBC loadings during the campaign. The potential source contribution function (PSCF) model combined with the fire counts map further proves that biomass burning from north India is an important potential source influencing the northeastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau during the pollution episode. The rBC mass absorption cross section (MAC rBC ) at λ = 532 nm was slightly larger in clean days (14.9 m 2 g −1 ) than during the pollution episode (9.3 m 2 g −1 ), likely due to the effects of brown carbon and the uncertainty of the MAC rBC calculation. The MAC rBC was positively correlated with number fraction of coated rBC during the pollution episode with an increasing rate of 0.18 (m 2 g −1 ) % −1 . The number fraction of coated rBC particles showed positive correlation with light absorption, suggesting that the increase of coated rBC particles will enhance the light absorption. Compared to rBC mass concentration, rBC mixing sate is more important in determining absorption during the pollution episode, estimated from the same percentage-wise increment of either rBC mass concentration or the number fraction of coated rBC. The estimated BC direct radiative forcing was +0.93 W m −2 for the pollution episode, which is 2 times larger than that in clean days. Our study provides insight into the potential climatic impacts of rBC aerosol transported to the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau from south Asian regions, and is also useful for future modeling studies.

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Characteristics of Black Carbon Aerosol during the Chinese Lunar Year and Weekdays in Xi’an, China

Cited by 16 publications

References 47 publications

Assessment of wood burning versus fossil fuel contribution to wintertime black carbon and carbon monoxide concentrations in Athens, Greece

Assessment of wood burning versus fossil fuel contribution to wintertime black carbon and carbon monoxide concentrations in Athens, Greece

Annual Variability of Black Carbon Concentrations Originating from Biomass and Fossil Fuel Combustion for the Suburban Aerosol in Athens, Greece

Black carbon aerosol in winter northeastern Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau, China: the source, mixing state and optical property

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