Characteristics of Air Contaminants in Naturally and Mechanically Ventilated Poultry Houses in Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia

Almuhanna, Emad A.

doi:10.13031/2013.39023

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…Poultry production industry, as the largest contributor to ammonia emissions of all animal husbandry operations, has undergone considerable surveillance from public and regulatory agencies due to their environmental impacts ( Hale et al., 2010 , Lin et al., 2017 ). Meanwhile, poultry companies have to be concerned not only for worker health, but also for poultry health because elevated concentrations of atmospheric ammonia have an adverse impact on bird physiology and productivity ( Carlile, 1984 , Ritz et al., 2006 , Almuhanna, 2011a , Almuhanna et al., 2011b ; Kearney et al., 2014 , Nemer et al., 2015 ). Ammonia is known as an irritant alkaline air contaminant, with occupational limits set at 50 ppm ( OSHA, 2012 ) for the 8-h permissible exposure limit or 25 ppm ( NIOSH, 2016 ), and a level of 300 ppm is considered to be immediately dangerous to human life and health ( Wheeler et al., 2000 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of chronic heat stress and ammonia concentration on blood parameters of laying hens

Tong

Shi

et al. 2020

Poultry Science

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Less evidence is available currently to reveal whether the immune system and productivity of laying hens change under long periods of ammonia exposure in hot climate. The present study was conducted to determine the effects of chronic exposure to high temperature and ammonia concentrations on health, immune response, and reproductive hormones of commercial laying hens. A total of five hundred and seventy six 20-week-old laying hens (Hy-Line Brown) were used in this study. Birds were housed in cages (4 birds per cage) and received 16-wk treatments in 6 artificial environmental chambers. Hens were allocated to 6 treatments: treatment 1 (T1, 20°C, ≤5 ppm, control group), treatment 2 (T2, 20°C, 20 ppm), treatment 3 (T3, 20°C, 45 ppm), treatment 4 (T4, 35°C, ≤5 ppm), treatment 5 (T5, 35°C, 20 ppm), and treatment 6 (T6, 35°C, 45 ppm). Blood samples were collected at 22, 26, 30, 34, and 38 wk of age and plasma IgG, IgM, IgA, corticosterone ( CORT ), total antioxidant capacity ( T-AOC ), luteinizing hormone ( LH ), estradiol ( E2 ), and follicular stimulating hormone ( FSH ) were measured. The results of this study showed that high ambient temperature and excessive ammonia increased the concentration of IgG but decreased the concentration of IgA, T-AOC, LH, FSH, and E2 of hens compared with those of the control birds. From the age of 34 wk, significantly increased concentrations of IgG were observed in hens exposed to moderate and high levels of ammonia. CORT level showed marked differences between the treatments only at the age of 26 wk. In addition, LH and E2 of hens demonstrated significant differences among the treatments in the middle and later stages of the experiment, while FSH levels of the control birds were significantly higher than the others at the age of 38 wk. Excessive ammonia in high temperature was a physiological stress factor that had a negative effect, which inhibited immune function and impacted the reproductive hormones.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of chronic heat stress and ammonia concentration on blood parameters of laying hens

Tong

Shi

et al. 2020

Poultry Science

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“…Various studies have shown that birds exposed to these air pollutants experienced adverse effects on health and welfare and increased mortality rates ( Viegas et al, 2013 ). Exposure to high air pollutant levels can result in respiratory issues and decrease productivity in laying hens ( Almuhanna, 2011 ; Bist and Chai, 2022 ; Bist et al, 2023d ). Moreover, farm workers exposed to these air pollutants are at higher risk of developing chronic respiratory diseases like bronchitis, asthma, and airway obstruction ( Donham et al, 2002 ; Viegas et al, 2013 ; EPA, 2022 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrostatic particle ionization for suppressing air pollutants in cage-free layer facilities

Bist,

Yang,

Subedi

et al. 2024

Poultry Science

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“…Nowadays, the development of intensive animal husbandry not only increases PM 2.5 pollution in the atmospheric environment but also harms the health of animals and ranch workers [ 5 ]. According to the specific statistics of poultry houses equipped with mechanical ventilation systems, the PM 2.5 concentrations ranged from 40 to 2530 µg/m 3 in general [ 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 ] and were 67~1480 µg/m 3 in the spring, 67~1370 µg/m 3 in the summer, 1230~1920 µg/m 3 in the fall, and 40~2530 µg/m 3 in the winter [ 6 , 8 , 10 ]. Moreover, the concentration of PM in poultry houses is higher than that for other animals, such as in pig and cow houses [ 5 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fine Particulate Matter Perturbs the Pulmonary Microbiota in Broiler Chickens

Zhou,

Xu,

Wang

et al. 2023

Animals

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(1) Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) seriously affects the respiratory tract health of both animals and humans. Growing evidence indicates that the pulmonary microbiota is involved in the development of respiratory tract health; however, there is still much that is unknown about the specific changes of pulmonary microbiota caused by PM2.5 in broilers. (2) In this experiment, a total of 48 broilers were randomly divided into a control group and PM-exposure group. The experiment lasted for 21 days. Microbiota, inflammation biomarkers, and histological markers in the lungs were determined. (3) On the last day of the experiment, PM significantly disrupted the structure of lung tissue and induced chronic pulmonary inflammation by increasing IL-6, TNFα, and IFNγ expression and decreasing IL-10 expression. PM exposure significantly altered the α and β diversity of pulmonary microbiota. At the phylum level, PM exposure significantly decreased the Firmicutes abundance and increased the abundance of Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria. At the genus level, PM exposure significantly increased the abundance of Rhodococcus, Achromobacter, Pseudomonas, and Ochrobactrum. We also observed positive associations of the above altered genera with lung TNFα and IFNγ expression. (4) The results suggest that PM perturbs the pulmonary microbiota and induces chronic inflammation, and the pulmonary microbiota possibly contributes to the development of lung inflammation.

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Characteristics of Air Contaminants in Naturally and Mechanically Ventilated Poultry Houses in Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia

Cited by 7 publications

References 0 publications

Effects of chronic heat stress and ammonia concentration on blood parameters of laying hens

Effects of chronic heat stress and ammonia concentration on blood parameters of laying hens

Electrostatic particle ionization for suppressing air pollutants in cage-free layer facilities

Fine Particulate Matter Perturbs the Pulmonary Microbiota in Broiler Chickens

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