Characteristics and treatments for pediatric ordinary and incarcerated inguinal hernia based on gender: 12-year experiences from a single center

Abstract

Background Congenital primary inguinal hernia is a common condition among children. Although much literature regarding inguinal hernia is available, large scale analysis are few, and rarely do they expand on gender difference or incarcerated hernias. Methods Patients with unilateral or bilateral inguinal hernia who were admitted to our hospital and received open inguinal hernia repair (OIHR) or laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair (LIHR) under general anesthesia were included. LIHR was performed using single-site laparoscopic percutaneous extraperitoneal closure (SLPEC). Medical records were retrospectively collected and analyzed. Results A total of 12,190 patients were included in this study. The ratio of male to female was 4.8:1. There was a total of 10,646 unilateral hernias (87.3%) and 1544 bilateral hernias (12.7%), with a corresponding ratio of 6.9:1. 12,444 hernia repair surgeries, 11,083 (89.1%) OIHR and 1361 (10.9%) LIHR, were held. OIHR had a shorter operative time than LIHR for all unilateral and female bilateral repair, unlike for bilateral male repair. There was no difference between OIHR and LIHR for ipsilateral recurrent hernia in males. There was a difference between OIHR and LIHR for metachronous contralateral hernia. Incarcerated inguinal hernia was associated with longer operative time, hospital stay and higher hospital costs. Females and patients under 1 year were more likely to present with incarcerated hernia. Conclusions OIHR should be considered for male patients, especially for unilateral and complete inguinal hernia. LIHR is highly recommended for female patients. For incarcerated hernia, attention should be paid to patients under 1 year old, as they can be 60 times more susceptible, and females. Surgeons should also be aware of ovary hernias in females.

Association between COVID-19 related elective surgery cancellations and pediatric inguinal hernia complications: A nationwide multicenter cohort study

“… 1 , 5 , 24 Younger age appears to be the most prominent factor associated with incarceration, with conflicting reports on laterality, prematurity, and patient gender. 1 , 10 The findings of this study are similar, with an incarceration rate of 6.5% overall and 10.3% in infants, and confirm that younger age is a significant predictor of incarceration.…”

“…Multivariable logistic regression models clustered by hospital were used to estimate the association between cancellation period and (1) any incarceration (2) incarceration at diagnosis. Covariates identified from previous studies 1 , 3 , 10 , 11 thought to influence the rate of incarceration and significant covariates on bivariate analysis were included as covariates in the regression models. These covariates included gender, race, adjusted gestational age at diagnosis, insurance status, laterality, and ASA classification.…”

Inguinal hernia – epidemiology, risk factors, treatment methods (literature review)

“…1. Возраст: пик распространённости ПГ приходится на детский (преобладают непрямые ПГ -у мальчиков, у недоношенных и маловесных детей) и пожилой возраст (прямые и двухсторонние ПГ) [6,7,8]. Роттердамское исследование, изучающее население старше 45 лет в 20-летний период (общая продолжительность наблюдения составила 50 802 человеко-года), показало, что кумулятивная заболеваемость ПГ за этот промежуток времени составила 14 %, при этом риск заболевания увеличивался с возрастом (отношение рисков (HR, hazard ratio) на 1 год увеличения возраста -1,03; 95%-й доверительный интервал (ДИ): 1,02-1,04; p < 0,001) [9].…”

Idiopathic subglottic stenosis with an inguinal hernia in children: A case report

“…[11] and herniorrhaphy remains the mainstay of treatment. [12] The reported incidence in children is 0.8% to 4.4%. [13] and the most common etiology is a patent processus vaginalis.…”