Characteristics and rehabilitation of the spawning habitats of the sea trout, <i>Salmo trutta</i>, in Gotland (Sweden)

Rubin, Jean‐François; Glimsäter, C.; Järvi, Torbjörn

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2400.2004.00349.x

Cited by 43 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…A general lack of natural spawning areas most likely contributed to this immediate response. Similar quick responses have also been reported from other studies with addition of spawning gravel for both Atlantic salmon (White, 1942) and brown trout (Rubin et al, 2004).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 82%

Addition of spawning gravel—a means to restore spawning habitat of atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.), and Anadromous and resident brown trout (Salmo trutta L.) in regulated rivers

Barlaup

Gabrielsen

Skoglund

et al. 2008

River Research & Apps

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In regulated rivers, canalization and reduced water discharge may lead to loss or impairment of salmonid spawning areas, and thereby negative effects on stock recruitment. We discuss the possibility of mitigating such effects through establishing new spawning areas by addition of gravel. We monitored the occurrence of nests in seven gravel deposition sites in five different Norwegian rivers. The total area covered by each of the depositions spanned from 25 m 2 to 300 m 2 . The areas were examined for nests during a 2-5 year period following the addition of gravel, that is, a total of 27 spawning periods. The fish were found to spawn at all localities and years with the exception of two occasions when gravel was lost during floods. Spawning success measured as egg survival was generally high (>80%). These results show that the additions met the criteria for successful spawning. Nests of Atlantic salmon were found to be aggregated in the area with the highest water current. However, successful nests were also found in areas with added gravel where the water current was much reduced. This unusual selection of spawning site most likely reflects the lack of other, more favourable spawning areas. The results therefore suggest that gravel additions can be successful even if the only available areas are suboptimal with respect to water flow and water depth. Three of the seven localities were unsuitable as the gravel was partly or totally displaced downstream during floods. At two of these localities, nests were probably lost because the floods occurred after the spawning season. This shows that large floods can be a major drawback. Monitoring of the spawning success and displacement of gravel is therefore essential to evaluate the method. Subsequently, stable areas, favoured by the spawners, can be expanded by supplementary addition of gravel. In sum, the results show that the careful addition of gravel areas can be used to provide suitable spawning locations for salmonids in regulated rivers.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 82%

Addition of spawning gravel—a means to restore spawning habitat of atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.), and Anadromous and resident brown trout (Salmo trutta L.) in regulated rivers

Barlaup

Gabrielsen

Skoglund

et al. 2008

River Research & Apps

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“…The coldest temperature was 4.2°C (Table 1), attained on reach 3 only for 2 days and no break was observed. The highest redd density in our study (reach 3) was slightly lower than that reported by Rubin et al (2004) for sea trout (1.56 -reddsAE100 m )2 ). Beard & Carline (1991) reported roughly similar redd densities (0.02-1.06 reddsAE100 m )2 ) to those observed in the Castril (Table 1).…”

Section: Influence Of Stream Flow and Water Temperaturecontrasting

confidence: 80%

Spawning period of a southern brown trout population in a highly unpredictable stream

Gortázar

Jalón

Alonso

et al. 2007

Ecology of Freshwater Fish

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– The spawning period of brown trout (Salmo trutta L.) was studied in the river Castril, southern Spain, by means of redd counts. This mountain stream is located near to the southern limit of the species’ natural distribution range and it shows a highly unpredictable flow regime. The spawning period extended from December to mid‐April and the maximum reproductive activity was in February. These results represent the latest reproduction date and the longest spawning period reported in the literature along the natural distribution range of the species. However, belated spawning in the Castril is congruent with the known latitudinal cline: the lower the latitude, the later the spawning period. Our results, along with a review of the literature on natural populations, also showed that the duration of reproduction is the longer, the lower the latitude. Spawning lasted twice as long in the main stem of the river, which is connected with a reservoir, than in the isolated reaches. These differences may be linked to the influence of the reservoir and to habitat fragmentation. We discuss and support the hypothesis that a long spawning period is an advantage for survival in unpredictable habitats. The belated and protracted spawning period found in river Castril has important implications in fisheries management. A strong research effort is needed in order to fill the critical lack of data on southern brown trout populations.

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“…High variance in sperm quality and sexual competition at high density results in greater variance in individual reproductive success and a greater reduction in the effective size of population (N e ) relative to the census size (N) (Belmar-Lucero et al, 2012). High density of breeders in relation to the loss of suitable spawning grounds increases the risk of red superimposition (McNeil, 1964;Champigneulle et al, 2003;Rubin et al, 2004), further reducing the N e /N ratio (Belmar-Lucero et al, 2012). Moreover, the strong competition of the early stages after emergence results in further loss of population fitness by densitydependent mortality (Milner et al, 2003).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Iaffaldano¹,

Iorio²,

Manchisi³

et al. 2016

Turk. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci.

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This research aimed to provide a characterization of fresh semen in wild and threatened Mediterranean brown trout (Salmo cettii), inhabiting the Biferno River basin and to study the variance of sperm parameters in a reproductive system with high male competition. The evaluated sperm quality parameters were: volume, density, viability, motility and sperm movement duration. High variability in sperm traits were found probably in response to the heterogeneity of individual condition, social status, spawning activity and migration costs. Duration of motility was positively correlated (P<0.05) with age class of breeders and motility. Stronger positive correlations (P<0.001) were observed between motility and viability and between sperm counts and viable sperms. This study reported the first data about semen quality of an Italian wild population of native trout. These results are useful for planning efficient artificial fertilization protocols in restoration programs involving supportive breeding together with other innovative conservation strategies as gamete cryopreservation.

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Characteristics and rehabilitation of the spawning habitats of the sea trout, Salmo trutta, in Gotland (Sweden)

Cited by 43 publications

References 15 publications

Addition of spawning gravel—a means to restore spawning habitat of atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.), and Anadromous and resident brown trout (Salmo trutta L.) in regulated rivers

Addition of spawning gravel—a means to restore spawning habitat of atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.), and Anadromous and resident brown trout (Salmo trutta L.) in regulated rivers

Spawning period of a southern brown trout population in a highly unpredictable stream

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