Characteristics and rate of occurrence of spontaneous and provoked augmented breaths

Cherniack, Neil S.; Euler, Curt von; Glogowska, M; Homma, Ikuo

doi:10.1111/j.1748-1716.1981.tb06747.x

Cited by 128 publications

(137 citation statements)

References 25 publications

(16 reference statements)

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“…As described previously, fictive sighs were biphasic in shape, larger in amplitude than eupneic bursts, and followed by a brief pause in the eupneic rhythm, consistent with the definition of sighs in vivo (Cherniack et al 1981;Glogowska et al 1972;Orem and Trotter 1993;Takeda and Matsumoto 1998). The P/Q-type calcium channel toxin -Agatoxin TK (Aga-TK) selectively abolished sighs without blocking eupnea (n ϭ 15).…”

Section: Effects Of Ca 2ϩ Channel Blockers On Eupnea and Sighsmentioning

confidence: 56%

Pattern-Specific Synaptic Mechanisms in a Multifunctional Network. I. Effects of Alterations in Synapse Strength

Lieske¹,

Ramirez²

2006

Journal of Neurophysiology

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. Pattern-specific synaptic mechanisms in a multifunctional network. I. Effects of alterations in synapse strength. J Neurophysiol 95: 1323-1333, 2006; doi:10.1152/jn.00505.2004. Many neuronal networks are multifunctional, producing different patterns of activity in different circumstances, but the mechanisms responsible for this reconfiguration are in many cases unresolved. The mammalian respiratory network is an example of such a system. Normal respiratory activity (eupnea) is periodically interrupted by distinct large-amplitude inspirations known as sighs. Both rhythms originate from a single multifunctional neural network, and both are preserved in the in vitro transverse medullary slice of mice. Here we show that the generation of fictive sighs were more sensitive than eupnea to reductions of excitatory synapse strength caused by either the P/Q-type (␣ 1A -containing) calcium channel antagonist -agatoxin TK or the non-N-methyl-Daspartate (NMDA) glutamate receptor antagonist 6-cyano-7-nitroquinoxalene-2,3-dione (CNQX). In contrast, the NMDA receptor antagonist MK-801, while also inhibiting eupnea, increased the occurrence of sighs. This suggests that among the glutamatergic synapses subserving eupneic rhythmogenesis, there is a specific subset-highly sensitive to agatoxin and insensitive to NMDA receptor blockadethat is essential for sighs. Blockade of N-type calcium channels with -conotoxin GVIA also had pattern-specific effects: eupneic activity was not affected, but sigh frequency was increased and postsigh apnea decreased. We hypothesize that N-type (␣ 1B ) calcium channels selectively coupled to calcium-activated potassium channels contribute to the generation of the postsigh apnea.

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Section: Effects Of Ca 2ϩ Channel Blockers On Eupnea and Sighsmentioning

confidence: 56%

Pattern-Specific Synaptic Mechanisms in a Multifunctional Network. I. Effects of Alterations in Synapse Strength

Lieske¹,

Ramirez²

2006

Journal of Neurophysiology

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“…2) but in no other strain. Augmented breaths were identified based on the criteria of Cherniack et al (6). Inspiration during an augmented breath in spontaneously breathing animals is biphasic, where phase 1 volume is similar to preceding breaths and phase 2 is augmenting.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition to biphasic inspiration, augmented breaths are characterized by prolongation of the expiratory duration, [postsigh apneas; Cherniack et al (6)]. Increased vagal afferent feedback during augmented tidal volume has been suggested to contribute to postsigh apneas (6,41).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Differences in time-dependent hypoxic phrenic responses among inbred rat strains

Golder¹,

Zabka²,

Bavis³

et al. 2005

Journal of Applied Physiology

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. Differences in time-dependent hypoxic phrenic responses among inbred rat strains. J Appl Physiol 98: 838 -844, 2005. First published November 5, 2004; doi:10.1152 doi:10. /japplphysiol.00984.2004 responses differ between rodent strains, suggesting a genetic contribution to interindividual variability. However, hypoxic ventilatory responses consist of multiple time-dependent mechanisms that can be observed in different respiratory motor outputs. We hypothesized that strain differences would exist in discrete time-dependent mechanisms of the hypoxic response and, furthermore, that there may be differences between hypoglossal and phrenic nerve responses to hypoxia. Hypoglossal and phrenic nerve responses were assessed during and after a 5-min hypoxic episode in anesthetized, vagotomized, and ventilated rats from four inbred strains: Brown Norway (BN), Fischer 344 (FS), Lewis (LW), and Piebald-viral-Glaxo (PVG). During baseline, burst frequency was higher in PVG than LW rats (P Ͻ 0.05), phrenic burst amplitude was higher in PVG vs. other strains (P Ͻ 0.05), and hypoglossal burst amplitude was higher in PVG and BN vs. FS and LW (P Ͻ 0.05). During hypoxia, burst frequency did not change in BN or LW rats, but it increased in PVG and FS rats. The phrenic amplitude response was smallest in PVG vs. other strains (P Ͻ 0.05), and the hypoglossal response was similar among strains. Short-term potentiation posthypoxia was slowest in FS and fastest in LW rats (P Ͻ 0.05). Posthypoxia frequency decline was absent in PVG, but it was observed in all other strains. Augmented breaths were observed during hypoxia in FS rats only. Thus genetic differences exist in the time domains of the hypoxic response, and these are differentially expressed in hypoglossal and phrenic nerves. Furthermore, genetic diversity observed in hypoxic ventilatory responses in unanesthetized rats may arise from multiple neural mechanisms. hypoxia; breathing; hypoglossal; genetic BOTH EXPERIENCE (i.e., plasticity; reviewed in Ref. 29) and genetics (reviewed in Ref. 17) influence the neural control of breathing. Genetic influences on respiratory control have been described in rats (13,15,20,37), mice (40), and humans (42). Because rats are commonly used to investigate fundamental aspects of breathing, an understanding of the genetic determinants of ventilatory control in this species is essential. Furthermore, understanding of the range of genetic variation in respiratory control may have important clinical implications in a genetically diverse population, such as humans.Differences in ventilation among inbred and outbred rat strains have been documented during eupnea (quiet breathing), hypoxia, hypercapnia, and exercise (13,20,37), and some of these changes have been associated with genotypic differences, localized to specific chromosomes (13). For example, in Brown Norway (BN) rats the frequency response to hypoxia is small compared with some other strains (20, 37). Hodges et al. (20) reported that, although BN rats responded to hypoxia with less change...

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“…Researchers in physiology describe sighs as important for maintaining respiratory homeostasis and restoring healthy levels of respiratory variability (Cherniack, Glowgowska, & Homma, 1981). The psychological literature links these respiratory effects to both aversive (Wuyts, Vlemincx, Bogaerts, Van Diest, & Van den Bergh, 2011) and positive psychological states (Hirose, 2000).…”

Section: Previous Psychophysiological Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sighing in Interaction: Somatic, Semiotic, and Social

Hoey

2014

Research on Language and Social Interaction

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Characteristics and rate of occurrence of spontaneous and provoked augmented breaths

Cited by 128 publications

References 25 publications

Pattern-Specific Synaptic Mechanisms in a Multifunctional Network. I. Effects of Alterations in Synapse Strength

Pattern-Specific Synaptic Mechanisms in a Multifunctional Network. I. Effects of Alterations in Synapse Strength

Differences in time-dependent hypoxic phrenic responses among inbred rat strains

Sighing in Interaction: Somatic, Semiotic, and Social

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