Characteristics and potential treatment technologies for different kinds of wastewaters

Abstract

The current work was aimed to characterize and defining appropriate treatment processes for various types of raw wastewaters. The fresh wastewater samples were collected from slaughterhouse (SWW), tannery (TWW), municipal (MWW), municipal landfill leachate (MLL), and dairy (DWW). The collected samples were analyzed for temperature, pH, electrical conductivity, turbidity, total alkalinity, total hardness, biological and chemical oxygen demands, suspended and dissolved solids etc. Commonly, MLL contained low biodegradability ratio; while SWW, MWW, and DWW had high biodegradability ratio of greater than 0.5. TWW regarded as strong alkaline because pH values were greater than 10. Physical, chemical and biological treatment processes were explained and suitable treatment methods were complemented with the wastewater type. It can be concluded that generally physical-chemical techniques were fit with old landfill leachate and tannery wastewaters; whilst biological treatment methods with adsorption were adequate for SWW, MWW, and DWW and the effluents match the quality of irrigation water quality.

Design steps and performance of aerated lagoon, oxidation ditch and wetland methods for Erbil municipal wastewater treatment and reusing

“…From the documented data, parameters such as pH, temperature, and chloride were in accordance with the standards for wastewater disposal, while TSS and BOD5 exceeded the standards (Mustafa and Sabir 2001;Ali, 2002;Aziz, 2004;Shekha, 2008;Aziz and Ali, 2017;Aziz, 2020). In the literature, wastewater samples were analyzed at another site in Erbil City and some parameters such as BOD5, COD, ammonia, manganese, phenols, oil and grease, TS, TSS and TDS exceeded the standards for wastewater disposal (Aziz and Ali, 2017;2018). Therefore, treatment of wastewater in Erbil city was proposed using different methods such as aerated lagoon, oxidation pit and wetland for wastewater reuse.…”

“…forest, greenbelt, wheat, fruits, vegetables, etc. (Mecalf and Eddy, 2014;Aziz and Ali, 2018;Aziz et al, 2019). Three key views should be measured for irrigation by treated WW, which cares about public health for farmers and users, the avoidance of atmosphere degradation, and removes the antagonistic that has an effect on the production of crops.…”

Municipal Wastewater Characterization and Natural Treatment Using Reed Beds

“…The increase in pH value may be related to changes in the relationship between carbon dioxide, alkalinity, and pH due to algae consuming inorganic carbon dioxide from the underwater environment. In general, the pH value is still within irrigation water quality standards [6,19]. In addition, chloride concentration is between 16 to 94 mg/L and the removal percentage is (2.5 -82.98%) after reed beds.…”

“…They found that EMWW is proper for cooked vegetables and for irrigating green area [19]. Also, Aziz et al [6] investigated on fresh WW samples had been gathered from Yörüksüt Dairy Factory and Erbil Steel Company and evaluated for 21 water pleasant parameters like COD, BOD5, TSS, etc. were surpassed the standards for removal of WW.…”

“…Aziz and Ali [5] published a work on quality and treatment using different methods for WWs. Industrial WW and reusing were studied by Aziz et al [6]. Oil refinery WW at Kawergosk arae treated by sequencing batch reactor and adsorption [7].…”