Characteristics and management of cleft mitral valve

Abstract

A cleft of the MV comprises a wide spectrum. Important morphologic differences exist with an AV septal defect, although the two lesions may be pathogenetically related. Surgical repair always seems possible. Long-term echocardiographic follow-up is warranted.

Congenital isolated cleft mitral valve leaflet and apical muscular ventricular septal defect in a Holstein calf

“…In humans, management of isolated cleft MV leaflets often involve surgical repair, which is indicated when MR or associated clinical signs are severe. 6 However, such techniques have not been described and are unlikely to be economically feasible in cattle.…”

Mitral valve dysplasia characterized by isolated cleft of the anterior leaflet resulting in fixed left ventricular outflow tract obstruction

“…6,11 Isolated cleft of the mitral valve most commonly results in mitral valve regurgitation but attachment of the components of the leaflet to the interventricular septum can cause fixed LVOTO. 12 Isolated cleft of the mitral valve is uncommon in people and seemingly rare in the dog. The lesion has not been described antemortem in the latter species although ICMV was identified post-mortem in 3 of a series of 29 dogs with mitral valve malformations.…”

“…6,17 Attachment of accessory chordae to the interventricular septum has been recognized in the majority of two case series but fixed LVOT has been infrequently reported. 7,12,16 Accessory mitral valve tissue resulting in subvalvular LVOTO was first described in 1963. 18 Accessory mitral valve tissue is an uncommon congenital anomaly and is a rare cause of LVOTO.…”

Isolated cleft of the posterior mitral valve leaflet in a patient with Marfan syndrome

“…Most of these are anterior leaflet clefts. In an echocardiograpic study including more than 13 000 examinations in children, only 10 isolated mitral clefts were identified with all involving the anterior leaflet [2]. Clefts of the posterior mitral leaflet have been reported only anecdotally.…”