Characteristics and Impact of VOCs on Ozone Formation Potential in a Petrochemical Industrial Area, Thailand

Pinthong, Nattaporn; Thepanondh, Sarawut; Kultan, Vanitchaya; Keawboonchu, Jutarat

doi:10.3390/atmos13050732

Cited by 13 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…MIR and propylene-equivalent rankings are often used together for ozone formation assessments and see reasonable agreement. [32][33][34][35] The agreement between POCP weighting and MIR-weighting has been explicitly reported by Derwent et al and sees good agreement in both contexts studied. 36 Of the species that see poor agreement, only isoprene is currently measured by the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) as part of the Automatic Hydrocarbon Network in the UK.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 75%

“…Other methods such as maximum incremental reactivity (MIR) and propylene‐equivalent weightings have also been widely used to assess the impacts of VOCs on OFP in a range of environments. MIR and propylene‐equivalent rankings are often used together for ozone formation assessments and see reasonable agreement 32–35 . The agreement between POCP weighting and MIR‐weighting has been explicitly reported by Derwent et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 62%

“…VOC concentrations were converted into both ppb and ppbC, with ppbC being a carbon‐weighted concentration value widely utilized in such analyses 33,39,40 calculated using Equation (I).

\begin{equation} {\text{ppbC}}_{i}={\text{ppb}}_{i}\ensuremath{\times{}}\frac{{\text{MW}}_{\text{C}}}{{\text{MW}}_{i}} \end{equation}

…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gas‐phase kinetics, POCPs, and an investigation of the contributions of VOCs to urban ozone production in the UK

Holland

Khan

Derwent³

et al. 2023

Int J of Chemical Kinetics

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Ambient concentrations of 22 volatile organic compounds (VOCs) measured at London Marylebone Road (LMR), an urban traffic site, and London Eltham (LE), an urban background site, were analyzed over a period of 23 years to assess the impact of pollution control strategies. A significant decrease in ambient concentration is seen for the majority of VOCs analyzed with total VOC burden decreasing by 76% and 59% for LMR and LE, respectively, across the period studied. This is likely as a result of legislative controls. This analysis was extended to consider the dominant contribution of VOCs to ozone formation at the sites utilizing photochemical ozone creation potential (POCP) values.Similarly, the overall reactivity of the VOC burden at the sites has resulted in a significant decrease of 11% and 7% per year in ozone formation potential (OFP) for LMR and LE, respectively. At LMR, the declines in OFP for VOCs associated with road traffic emissions are all in good agreement at 11%-13% decrease per year. Reasonable agreement is also seen at LE with a decrease of 6%-11% per year in OFP of the VOCs related to traffic sources. VOCs related to non-traffic sources, namely ethane and propane from natural gas leakage, did not see a significant decline over the study period at either site. The variation and composition of the overall VOC burden was compared across three decadal time periods (1997-2000, 2001-2010, 2011-2019) and saw an increase in significance of these pollutants at both sites. At LMR, ethane and propane moved from the fifth and eleventh largest contributors to total VOC burden in 1997-2000 to the first and second largest contributors in 2011-2019. At LE, a similar trend is seen with ethane and propane becoming the first and second largest contributors in the most recent time period, up from second and eighth at the beginning of the dataset. The similarity between these sites suggests such pollutants are not sufficiently controlled under current legislation. The increase in significance of ethane and propane was mirrored in their contribution to ozone generation potential at both sites but ethene continues to dominate in contribution to OFP. At LMR, etheneThis is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 62%

“…VOC concentrations were converted into both ppb and ppbC, with ppbC being a carbon‐weighted concentration value widely utilized in such analyses 33,39,40 calculated using Equation (I).

\begin{equation} {\text{ppbC}}_{i}={\text{ppb}}_{i}\ensuremath{\times{}}\frac{{\text{MW}}_{\text{C}}}{{\text{MW}}_{i}} \end{equation}

…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gas‐phase kinetics, POCPs, and an investigation of the contributions of VOCs to urban ozone production in the UK

Holland

Khan

Derwent³

et al. 2023

Int J of Chemical Kinetics

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“…Understanding the interplay between wind speed, wind direction, and pollutant dispersion is essential for effective urban planning and air quality management [59,[61][62][63][64][65][66]. The geometry of urban canyons and building surfaces can impact pollutant dispersion, while the "urban heat island" effect and wind patterns within canyons also influence VOC distribution; additionally, the degradation of VOCs can lead to ozone formation, with temperature playing a pivotal role in ozone concentration, as demonstrated by spatial and temporal analyses across the three locations [67][68][69][70]. Additionally, our findings highlight the importance of considering local meteorological factors in assessing air pollution levels.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporal Variations in Urban Air Pollution during a 2021 Field Campaign: A Case Study of Ethylene, Benzene, Toluene, and Ozone Levels in Southern Romania

Petrus,

Popa,

Bratu

2024

Sustainability

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This study focused on quantifying the gas concentrations of ethylene, benzene, toluene, and ozone within an urban area in the southern region of Romania. The gas sampling campaign, conducted between March and August 2021, took place in three different locations from the point of view of the architectural structure, and the sampling height was 1.5 m. Sampling occurred on weekdays (Monday through Friday) during daylight hours, with subsequent concentration analysis employing descriptive statistics, diurnal cycles, and seasonal assessments. A highly sensitive and selective detector, employing laser photoacoustic spectroscopy, was utilized to monitor pollutants. The average concentrations (±Standard Deviation) were determined as follows: ethylene at 116.82 ± 82.37 parts per billion (ppb), benzene at 1.13 ± 0.32 ppb, toluene at 5.48 ± 3.27 ppb, and ozone at 154.75 ± 68.02 ppb, with peak levels observed during the summer months. Diurnal patterns were observable for ethylene, benzene, and toluene, exhibiting higher concentrations during the early hours of the day followed by a decrease towards the evening. In contrast, ozone concentrations peaked in the evening compared to the early part of the day. Thus, perceptible effects were demonstrated on gas concentrations as a result of the influence of meteorological variables. Moreover, the high toluene/benzene ratio indicated traffic and industrial emissions as primary sources of these pollutants. Of the four gases monitored, benzene and ozone exceeded regulatory limits, particularly during the summer season, highlighting concerns regarding air quality in the studied urban environment.

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“…In general, ozone in the atmosphere is known to be harmful to the human health, such as destroying cells of living organisms and degrading the function of the respiratory system when exposed to high concentration for a long time [20,21]. Furthermore, VOCs in the atmosphere has a significant influence on this ozone production [22,23].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the Volatile Organic Components in Tire-Road-Wear Particles from a Vehicle in Real Road Driving Conditions

Mun,

Chong,

Kim

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Non-exhaust fine particles such as tires and brakes emitted from vehicles have a significant impact on air pollution and human harm, and regulations on emissions are being discussed in earnest, starting with the introduction of brake wear particles emission standards in Euro 7. Various indoor and outdoor experiments were conducted, such as analysis of the amount of wear on tires and brakes, and analysis of the physical and chemical properties of fine particles, as fundamental data for the introduction of emission standards and the development of low wear tires and brakes to meet regulations. Recently, international standardized indoor experimental methods for brakes have been announced, and indoor and outdoor experimental methods for tires have been continuously studied to develop international standardized methods. In particular, tire-break-road wear particles are usually mixed with each other in the non-exhaust particles from a vehicle driving on real roads, and in-depth research is being performed on the accurate classification and characteristic analysis. In this study, the characteristics of the volatile organic components (VOCs) and marker substances for tire and tire-road wear fine particles were analyzed. A system capable of measuring non-exhaust wear fine particles was installed on the vehicle, and samples were collected from the vehicle running on the two different driving conditions, various constant speeds in the proving ground road and real driving roads. The VOCs contained in tires and tire-road-wear particles (TRWPs) under the specific temperature conditions with a thermogravimetric analyzergas chromatography/mass analysis (TGA-GC/MS). In addition, the correlations between VOCs and tire rubber components were analyzed through marker analysis using pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass analysis (GC/MS). In VOCs, n-Hexane, n-Dodecane, and 1-Butene were measured relatively much in both constant-speed and real-drive tests. In addition, marker substances of synthetic rubber and natural rubber were not detected in the collected background fine particles.

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Characteristics and Impact of VOCs on Ozone Formation Potential in a Petrochemical Industrial Area, Thailand

Cited by 13 publications

References 63 publications

Gas‐phase kinetics, POCPs, and an investigation of the contributions of VOCs to urban ozone production in the UK

Gas‐phase kinetics, POCPs, and an investigation of the contributions of VOCs to urban ozone production in the UK

Temporal Variations in Urban Air Pollution during a 2021 Field Campaign: A Case Study of Ethylene, Benzene, Toluene, and Ozone Levels in Southern Romania

Analysis of the Volatile Organic Components in Tire-Road-Wear Particles from a Vehicle in Real Road Driving Conditions

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