Characteristics and evolution of a coastal mesoscale eddy in the Western Bay of Bengal monitored by high-frequency radars

Mandal, Samiran; Sil, Sourav; Pramanik, Saikat; Arunraj, Kondetharayil Soman; Jena, Basanta Kumar

doi:10.1016/j.dynatmoce.2019.101107

Cited by 28 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…In addition, the highly dynamic nature and the role of multiple factors affecting SSTs make it difficult to explore these relationships, if any. Some of the factors affecting SSTs are solar insolation, warm/cold water advection, and other marine processes, namely ocean currents, upwelling/downwelling phenomena, and eddies (Leeuwenburgh and Stammer, 2001;Shinoda, 2005;Krishna, 2008;Mandal et al, 2019;Buckley et al, 2020). In addition, the BoB also receives a sizable freshwater influx from the rivers and undergoes near-surface ocean-atmosphere interactions, which alters the upper ocean processes (Parampil et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aerosol Induced Changes in Sea Surface Temperature Over the Bay of Bengal Due to COVID-19 Lockdown

et al. 2021

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The role of COVID-19 pandemic lockdown in improving air quality was reported extensively for land regions globally. However, limited studies have explored these over oceanic areas close to high anthropogenic activities and emissions. The Bay of Bengal (BoB) basin is one such region adjacent to the highly populated South Asian region. We find that Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD) over the BoB declined by as much as 0.1 or 30% during the peak lockdown of April 2020 compared to long-term climatology during 2003–2019. Simultaneously, the sea surface temperature (SST) rose by 0.5–1.5°C over the central and north-western parts of the BoB with an average increase of 0.83°C. We show that up to 30% of this observed warming is attributable to reduced atmospheric aerosols. The study highlights the importance of anthropogenic emissions reduction due to COVID lockdown on short-term changes to SST over ocean basins with implications to regional weather.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aerosol Induced Changes in Sea Surface Temperature Over the Bay of Bengal Due to COVID-19 Lockdown

et al. 2021

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“…The barotropic and baroclinic instability induced by the mean flow have been demonstrated to play an important role in the generation and evolution of eddies in extensive studies (e.g., Zu et al, 2013;Donohue et al, 2016;Li et al, 2016;Qian et al, 2018;Zhao et al, 2018;Mandal et al, 2019;Tedesco et al, 2019;Yang et al, 2020). Yang et al (2020) examined the instability and multiscale interactions underlying the LC eddy shedding based on the ensembles of flow fields output from a numerical model.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Of course, care should be taken in interpreting the details of the BT and BC conversions, because the global HYCOM (which assimilates observational data into the model) is not a free-run model that is required to conserve the total energy of the ocean system (e.g., Yang et al, 2020). However, we note that a similar approach has been taken to diagnose BT/BC conversion in several other studies using data assimilative models (e.g., Qian et al, 2018;Mandal et al, 2019). Energy transfer attributed to ocean dynamics can be separated from that introduced through data FIGURE 11 | Vertical distributions of (A) EKE (unit: m 2 /s 2 ), (B) EPE (unit: m 2 /s 2 ), (C) BT (unit: m 2 /s 3 ), and (D) BC (unit: m 2 /s 3 ) averaged horizontally over the effective eddy regions during phases 1-14 (April 9 to July 15, 2017).…”

Section: Mechanisms Behind the Growth And Evolution Of The Tortugas Eddymentioning

confidence: 98%

Physical Characteristics and Evolution of a Long-Lasting Mesoscale Cyclonic Eddy in the Straits of Florida

Zhang

Kourafalou

et al. 2022

Front. Mar. Sci.

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Ocean eddies along the Loop Current (LC)/Florida Current (FC) front have been studied for decades, yet studies of the entire evolution of individual eddies are rare. Here, satellite altimetry and ocean color observations, Argo profiling float records and shipborne acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP) measurements, together with high-resolution simulations from the global Hybrid Coordinate Ocean Model (HYCOM) are used to investigate the physical and biochemical properties, 3-dimensional (3-D) structure, and evolution of a long-lasting cyclonic eddy (CE) in the Straits of Florida (SoF) along the LC/FC front during April–August 2017. An Angular Momentum Eddy Detection Algorithm (AMEDA) is used to detect and track the CE during its evolution process. The long-lasting CE is found to form along the eastern edge of the LC on April 9th, and remained quasi-stationary for about 3 months (April 23 to July 15) off the Dry Tortugas (DT) until becoming much smaller due to its interaction with the FC and topography. This frontal eddy is named a Tortugas Eddy (TE) and is characterized with higher Chlorophyll (Chl) and lower temperature than surrounding waters, with a mean diameter of ∼100 km and a penetrating depth of ∼800 m. The mechanisms that contributed to the growth and evolution of this long-lasting TE are also explored, which reveal the significant role of oceanic internal instability.

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“…Coastal HFRs overcome all the above limitations, enabling the detection and tracking of the time history of surface eddies down to sub-mesoscale at the cost of a reduced spatial extent. Mandal et al (2019) provide quite an extensive list of recent literature reporting sub-mesoscale features observed by HFRs, with examples of observations in various coastal areas from the Atlantic to the Pacific and Indian oceans (Shay et al, 1995(Shay et al, , 2000Kirincich, 2016b;Archer et al, 2017;Lai et al, 2017;Arunraj et al, 2018). It is worth noticing that such features may have a strong vertical signature that HFR data fail to account for and therefore need to be complemented by further information spanning from direct measurements of the horizontal and vertical velocity profile to indications indirectly derived from, e.g., satellite turbidity measurements (see discussion in Uttieri et al, 2011).…”

Section: Eddy Trackingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coastal high-frequency radars in the Mediterranean – Part 2: Applications in support of science priorities and societal needs

Reyes

Aguiar

Bendoni³

et al. 2022

Ocean Sci.

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Abstract. The Mediterranean Sea is a prominent climate-change hot spot, with many socioeconomically vital coastal areas being the most vulnerable targets for maritime safety, diverse met-ocean hazards and marine pollution. Providing an unprecedented spatial and temporal resolution at wide coastal areas, high-frequency radars (HFRs) have been steadily gaining recognition as an effective land-based remote sensing technology for continuous monitoring of the surface circulation, increasingly waves and occasionally winds. HFR measurements have boosted the thorough scientific knowledge of coastal processes, also fostering a broad range of applications, which has promoted their integration in coastal ocean observing systems worldwide, with more than half of the European sites located in the Mediterranean coastal areas. In this work, we present a review of existing HFR data multidisciplinary science-based applications in the Mediterranean Sea, primarily focused on meeting end-user and science-driven requirements, addressing regional challenges in three main topics: (i) maritime safety, (ii) extreme hazards and (iii) environmental transport process. Additionally, the HFR observing and monitoring regional capabilities in the Mediterranean coastal areas required to underpin the underlying science and the further development of applications are also analyzed. The outcome of this assessment has allowed us to provide a set of recommendations for future improvement prospects to maximize the contribution to extending science-based HFR products into societally relevant downstream services to support blue growth in the Mediterranean coastal areas, helping to meet the UN's Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development and the EU's Green Deal goals.

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Characteristics and evolution of a coastal mesoscale eddy in the Western Bay of Bengal monitored by high-frequency radars

Cited by 28 publications

References 56 publications

Aerosol Induced Changes in Sea Surface Temperature Over the Bay of Bengal Due to COVID-19 Lockdown

Aerosol Induced Changes in Sea Surface Temperature Over the Bay of Bengal Due to COVID-19 Lockdown

Physical Characteristics and Evolution of a Long-Lasting Mesoscale Cyclonic Eddy in the Straits of Florida

Coastal high-frequency radars in the Mediterranean – Part 2: Applications in support of science priorities and societal needs

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