Characteristics and Corrective Outcome of Face Asymmetry by Orthognathic Surgery

Lip line changes in Class III facial asymmetry patients after orthodontic camouflage treatment, one-jaw surgery, and two-jaw surgery: A preliminary study

“…To improve the accuracy of placing landmarks, recent researchers have adopted methods that use combinations of 3-D facial scan images, 5,12,13 3-D CBCT images, 4,6,10,12,14,15 and conventional 2-D diagnostic tools such as facial photograms or anteroposterior cephalograms. [7][8][9]16,17 Those methods could be acceptable because their primary concern was the changes in measurements between pretreatment and posttreatment within a single group. However, we needed to acquire both hard and soft tissue landmarks on a single coordination system to quantitatively evaluate the effect of pretreatment hard tissue measurements on both the amount and rate of change in LLC; in so doing, we could induce more reliable regression coefficients.…”

“…Many quantitative studies have reported that lip line cant (LLC) can be corrected via both one-jaw and two-jaw surgery, as can craniofacial skeleton and dentition. [4][5][6][7][8][9] Kim et al 9 investigated the vertical asymmetry of LLC change in Class III asymmetry patients who underwent two-jaw surgery, using facial photograms and anteroposterior cephalograms. They reported that the mean LLC correction was 1.56 mm (1.188), which is approximately 50% of the change in occlusal plane cant after surgery.…”

Mandibular Condylar Hiperplasia

“…However, it is rare for humans to have such mathematical symmetry in the craniofacial skeleton 1 . R o b i n s o n e t a l r e p o r t e d t h a t a beautiful face should be harmonious with comparable size and position of the skeletal structures and soft tissues 2 .…”

“…For patients with maxillofacial deformity, facial asymmetry is a common chief complaint, although patients might have other sagittal or vertical jaw imbalances concomitantly 1 . In contrast, facial asymmetry might be masked by severe facial skeletal imbalance, dental malalignment, soft tissue compensation, or tilting of head posture 1 . The documented prevalence of facial asymmetry ranges from 21% to 85% 1 .…”

“…In contrast, facial asymmetry might be masked by severe facial skeletal imbalance, dental malalignment, soft tissue compensation, or tilting of head posture 1 . The documented prevalence of facial asymmetry ranges from 21% to 85% 1 . Usually the structures of the lower face are more asymmetric than those of the upper face 1 .…”