Characteristics and clinical outcomes of patients with Sarcoidosis admitted for ST-elevation myocardial infarction in the United States: A propensity matched analysis from the National Inpatient Sample

Abstract

IntroductionSarcoidosis is a systemic inflammatory disorder characterised by non-caseating granulomas. Cardiac sarcoidosis (CS) normally causes conduction abnormalities, ventricular arrhythmias, and heart failure. Little is known about the characteristics and impact of sarcoidosis in patients admitted with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). This study aims to fill this void.Material and methodsUtilising the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) database (2016–2020), individuals with STEMI were identified and categorised based on sarcoidosis presence whilst adjusting for confounders via logistic regression models.ResultsAmong 851,290 STEMI patients, 1215 had sarcoidosis. Before propensity matching, sarcoidosis patients were notably different in demographics and comorbidities compared to non-sarcoidosis patients. After propensity score matching (PSM), sarcoidosis patients were found to have a higher incidence of supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) (2.5% vs. 1.3%, p = 0.024) and acute kidney injury (AKI) (23.3% vs. 20.8%, aOR = 1.269, 95% CI: 1.02–1.58, p = 0.033) but a lower incidence of undergoing coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) (5.5% vs. 8.5%, aOR = 0.663; 95% CI: 0.472–0.931, p = 0.018), while no significant disparities were noted in PCI, cardiogenic shock, mortality, or mean length of stay (LOS).ConclusionsUsing propensity-matched large real-world data of STEMI patients, sarcoidosis was associated with fewer cases of CABG and a greater incidence of AKI and SVT compared to non-sarcoidosis patients.