Characteristics and adaptive strategies linked with falls in stroke survivors from analysis of laboratory-induced falls

Honeycutt, Claire F.; Nevisipour, Masood; Grabiner, Mark D.

doi:10.1016/j.jbiomech.2016.08.019

Cited by 37 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Sudden horizontal anterior-posterior perturbation: The participant is quietly standing on a treadmill belt. An anterior [ 58 ] or posterior [ 59 ] translation perturbation is delivered to elicit a compensatory stepping response ( Fig 8 ). Balance recovery tasks without stepping can also be carried out [ 60 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The method was able to significantly discriminate between healthy groups of young, middle-aged and elderly adults [ 58 ]. Furthermore, the treadmill method showed significant differences between elderly fallers and non-fallers, even when clinical tests failed to discriminate [ 59 ]. One study investigated the reliability of this method using computerized dynamic posturography and found good reliability (Intraclass Correlation Coefficients >0.6) and moderate correlation (r>0.5) of the results [ 60 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Devices and tasks involved in the objective assessment of standing dynamic balancing – A systematic literature review

2017

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BackgroundStatic balancing assessment is often complemented with dynamic balancing tasks. Numerous dynamic balancing assessment methods have been developed in recent decades with their corresponding balancing devices and tasks.ObjectiveThe aim of this systematic literature review is to identify and categorize existing objective methods of standing dynamic balancing ability assessment with an emphasis on the balancing devices and tasks being used.Data SourcesThree major scientific literature databases (Science Direct, Web of Science, PLoS ONE) and additional sources were used.Study selectionStudies had to use a dynamic balancing device and a task described in detail. Evaluation had to be based on objectively measureable parameters. Functional tests without instrumentation evaluated exclusively by a clinician were excluded. A total of 63 articles were included.Data extractionThe data extracted during full-text assessment were: author and date; the balancing device with the balancing task and the measured parameters; the health conditions, size, age and sex of participant groups; and follow-up measurements.Data synthesisA variety of dynamic balancing assessment devices were identified and categorized as 1) Solid ground, 2) Balance board, 3) Rotating platform, 4) Horizontal translational platform, 5) Treadmill, 6) Computerized Dynamic Posturography, and 7) Other devices. The group discrimination ability of the methods was explored and the conclusions of the studies were briefly summarized.LimitationsDue to the wide scope of this search, it provides an overview of balancing devices and do not represent the state-of-the-art of any single method.ConclusionsThe identified dynamic balancing assessment methods are offered as a catalogue of candidate methods to complement static assessments used in studies involving postural control.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Devices and tasks involved in the objective assessment of standing dynamic balancing – A systematic literature review

2017

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“…These studies targeted a wide range of variables to detect differences between fallers and non-fallers (i.e. persons who recover from slips), such as kinematic variables (e.g., foot-floor angles, slipping distances) [14,18,19], kinetic variable (torques) [7,20], and neuromuscular variables (activation onsets) [17,21,22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Angular momentum regulation may dictate the slip severity in young adults

2020

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Falls cause negative impacts on society and the economy. Slipping is a common initiating event for falling. Yet, individuals differ in their ability to recover from slips. Persons experiencing mild slips can accommodate the perturbation without falling, whereas severe slipping is associated with inadequate or slow pre-or post-slip control that make these individuals more prone to fall. Knowing the discrepancies between mild and severe slippers in kinematic and kinetic variables improves understanding of adverse control responsible for severe slipping. This study examined differences across these participants with respect to center of mass (COM) height, sagittal angular momentum (H), upper body kinematics, and the duration of single/double phase. Possible causality of such relationships was also studied by observing the time-lead of the deviations. Twenty healthy young adults performed walking trials in dry and slippery conditions. They were classified into mild and severe slippers based on their heel slipping speed. No inter-group differences were observed in the upper extremity kinematics. It was found that mild and severe slippers do not differ in the studied variables during normal gait; however, they do show significant differences through slipping. Compared to mild slippers, sever slippers lowered their COM height following a slip, presented higher H, and shortened their single support phase (p-value<0.05 for all). Based on the time-lead observed in H over all other variables suggests that failure to control angular momentum may influence slip severity.

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“…More troubling, fall-related injuries have been showing a growing trend recently ( Bureau of Labor Statistics US Department of Labor, 2015a ). Considering numerous impacts of falls on public health and the economy ( Morrison et al, 2013 ; Bureau of Labor Statistics US Department of Labor, 2015b ; Honeycutt et al, 2016 ), research that describes slipping and the recovery process is of great importance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between Slip Severity and Muscle Synergies of Slipping

Nazifi

Beschorner

Hur

2017

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

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Falls impose significant negative impacts to the US population and economy. A significant number of falls may be prevented via appropriate slip-responses since a strong relation exists between slips and falls. More importantly, as severe slips are more prone to result in a fall, identifying severe slippers along with the responsible factors for their adverse motor control and severe slipping should be the highest priority in fall prevention process. Previous studies have suggested that muscle synergies may be building blocks of the central nervous system in controlling motor tasks. Muscle synergies observed during slipping (‘post-slip-initiation synergies’ or ‘just briefly,’ ‘slipping muscle synergies’), may represent the fundamental blocks of the neural control during slipping. Hence, studying the differences in slipping muscle synergies of mild and severe slippers can potentially reveal the differences in their neural control and subsequently, indicate the responsible factors for the adverse post-slip response in severe slippers. Even though the slipping muscle synergies have been investigated before, it still remains unclear on how the slip severity is associated with the slipping muscle synergies. More importantly, muscle synergies can be interpreted not only as neural blocks but also as physical sub-tasks of the main motor task. Hence, studying the differences of slipping synergies of mild and severe slippers would reveal the discrepancies in sub-tasks of their post-slip response. These discrepancies help pinpoint the malfunctioning sub-function associated with inadequate motor response seen in severe slippers. Twenty healthy subjects were recruited and underwent an unexpected slip (to extract their slipping synergies). Subjects were classified into mild and severe slippers based on their Peak Heel Speed. An independent t-test revealed several significant inter-group differences for muscle synergies of mild and severe slippers indicating differences in their neural control of slipping. A forward dynamic simulation was utilized to reveal the functionality of each synergy. Decomposition of slipping into sub-tasks (synergies), and finding the malfunctioning sub-task in severe slippers is important as it results in a novel targeted motor-rehabilitation technique that only aims to re-establish the impaired sub-task responsible for the adverse motor-response in severe slippers.

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Characteristics and adaptive strategies linked with falls in stroke survivors from analysis of laboratory-induced falls

Cited by 37 publications

References 35 publications

Devices and tasks involved in the objective assessment of standing dynamic balancing – A systematic literature review

Devices and tasks involved in the objective assessment of standing dynamic balancing – A systematic literature review

Angular momentum regulation may dictate the slip severity in young adults

Association between Slip Severity and Muscle Synergies of Slipping

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