Characterising the origin, nature and fate of sediment exported from catchments perturbed by active tectonics

Whittaker, Alexander C.; Attal, Mikaël; Allen, Philip A.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2117.2009.00447.x

Cited by 120 publications

(188 citation statements)

References 75 publications

(193 reference statements)

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“…The initial coarsening agrees with field observations (e.g. Whittaker et al, 2009) associated with higher stream powers due to increased channel gradients (Whittaker et al, 2009). However, this effect begins to attenuate after Figure 6.…”

Section: Impacts Of Climate and Tectonics On Sediment Grain Sizesupporting

confidence: 79%

“…For 10 m uplift there is a partial recovery in this signal after 30 yr and possibly beginning at 50 yr for 25 m uplift. The simulated fining associated with uplift is clearly different from expected results of coarsening (Whittaker et al, 2009) and we offer two explanations for this. Firstly, the 10 and 25 m uplift events we have simulated are very unusual in the field -and therefore it is quite possible we are simulating an effect not observed in the field.…”

Section: Impacts Of Climate and Tectonics On Sediment Grain Sizementioning

confidence: 59%

“…The magnitude of sediment delivered by this "erosional engine" (Whittaker et al, 2009) is a major control on the size and location of sedimentary units found in depositional basins, and thus creates an opportunity to invert sedimentary records to establish climate and tectonic histories of the source basin.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At its simplest, the sedimentary system can be split into three components, an upland production "erosional engine" (Whittaker et al, 2009), transfer of sediment, and deposition in a basin or store. Historically, research has focused on controls in the depositional setting; only more recently have researchers examined how tectonic and climatic changes can alter sediment production.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Climate, tectonics or morphology: what signals can we see in drainage basin sediment yields?

Coulthard

Wiel

2013

Earth Surf. Dynam.

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Abstract. Sediment yields from river basins are typically considered to be controlled by tectonic and climatic drivers. However, climate and tectonics can operate simultaneously and the impact of autogenic processes scrambling or shredding these inputs can make it hard to unpick the role of these drivers from the sedimentary record. Thus an understanding of the relative dominance of climate, tectonics or other processes in the output of sediment from a basin is vital. Here, we use a numerical landscape evolution model (CAESAR) to specifically examine the relative impact of climate change, tectonic uplift (instantaneous and gradual) and basin morphology on sediment yield. Unexpectedly, this shows how the sediment signal from significant rates of uplift (10 m instant or 25 mm a −1 ) may be lost due to internal storage effects within even a small basin. However, the signal from modest increases in rainfall magnitude (10-20 %) can be seen in increases in sediment yield. In addition, in larger basins, tectonic inputs can be significantly diluted by regular delivery from non-uplifted parts of the basin.

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Section: Impacts Of Climate and Tectonics On Sediment Grain Sizesupporting

confidence: 79%

Section: Impacts Of Climate and Tectonics On Sediment Grain Sizementioning

confidence: 59%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Climate, tectonics or morphology: what signals can we see in drainage basin sediment yields?

Coulthard

Wiel

2013

Earth Surf. Dynam.

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“…Bridge, 2003;Paola et al, 2009;Duller et al, 2010;Whittaker et al, 2010;Hajek & Wolinski, 2012). Assim, as bacias do tipo rift são um contexto ideal para a reavaliação dos modelos de resposta sedimentar às variações espaciais e temporais nas taxas de subsidência, características desse tipo de bacia (e.g.…”

Section: I1 Introduçãounclassified

A Formação Marizal (Aptiano) na Bacia do Tucano (BA): contribuições à análise da arquitetura de depósitos fluviais e implicações paleobiogeográficas

Freitas¹

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2014Autorizo a reprodução e divulgação total ou parcial deste trabalho, por qualquer meio convencional ou eletrônico, para fins de estudo e pesquisa, desde que citada a fonte. Emphasis is placed on the distinction between laterally equivalent deposits of channel fill and bars, given the recently recognized difficulty in distinguishing these elements, based on sedimentological data, in active depositional systems. In this way, the study of a selected are of the Banzaê Member enabled, through a quantitative approach considering the scale of architectural elements and cross-sets as well as paleohydraulic constraints, the recognition and individualization of deposits attributed to the fluvial geomorphological dynamics, such as unit bars, abandoned channel fills and channel belt successions bounded by avulsion surfaces.

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Geomorphic constraints on fault throw rates and linkage times: Examples from the Northern Gulf of Evia, Greece

Whittaker

Walker

2015

J. Geophys. Res. Earth Surf.

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We evaluate how the growth and interaction of active normal faults in the Sperchios Basin and Northern Gulf of Evia, Greece, are recorded by the landscape. We demonstrate that patterns in footwall relief along the faults reflect fault segmentation, and we show that in this study area, fault throw is 2 to 3 times the maximum footwall relief. Rivers crossing the faults typically have two knickpoints, which are unrelated to lithology. However, their heights, measured from the active fault trace, vary systematically. The height of the upper set of knickpoints scales linearly with the footwall relief of the faults and is typically >85% of the maximum relief. The height of the lower set of knickpoints also scales with footwall relief, but the heights are consistently lower. The existence of two sets of knickpoints suggests that the rivers have been perturbed by two changes in tectonic rates during faulting. We interpret the upper knickpoints to represent the initiation and growth of fault-generated topography, while the lower set of knickpoints reflects a throw rate increase due to fault linkage. Estimates of throw rate enhancement factor derived from fault interaction theory suggest that the faults increased their rate by a factor of ≥3 when they linked. This constraint, combined with the distribution of knickpoint heights, allows us to estimate the throw rate and linkage time for the faults. The Sperchios Fault has a maximum throw rate of 1.5-2.0 mm/yr, while the Coastal Fault has a maximum throw rate of 0.8-1.2 mm/yr.

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Characterising the origin, nature and fate of sediment exported from catchments perturbed by active tectonics

Cited by 120 publications

References 75 publications

Climate, tectonics or morphology: what signals can we see in drainage basin sediment yields?

Climate, tectonics or morphology: what signals can we see in drainage basin sediment yields?

A Formação Marizal (Aptiano) na Bacia do Tucano (BA): contribuições à análise da arquitetura de depósitos fluviais e implicações paleobiogeográficas

Geomorphic constraints on fault throw rates and linkage times: Examples from the Northern Gulf of Evia, Greece

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