Characterising the optimal pulse number and frequency for inducing analgesic effects with motor cortex rTMS

Abstract

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Evaluation of Relationships between Corticospinal Excitability and Somatosensory Deficits in the Acute and Subacute Phases of Stroke

“…Although the motor cortex is predominantly involved in mo-tor control, it is also responsible for somatosensation via its anatomical and functional connections with somatosensory cortices and the thalamus [19]. In fact, motor cortex rTMS has a clear impact on the transmission of sensory information from the body parts [20][21][22]. This argument is also consistent with findings that motor recovery following stroke is positively associated with sensory functioning [2].…”

Network Effects of Brain Lesions Causing Central Poststroke Pain

“…Even if the neuroanatomical target is correct, the parameter space for TMS is large and not fully understood. For example, one study showed that 10Hz rTMS with 1,500 pulses induced analgesic effects, but 10 and 20Hz stimulation with 3,000 pulses had no effect 57 . The ideal parameters and protocols for improving CPSP require significant work and testing in randomized–controlled trials.…”

“…For example, one study showed that 10Hz rTMS with 1,500 pulses induced analgesic effects, but 10 and 20Hz stimulation with 3,000 pulses had no effect. 57 The ideal parameters and protocols for improving CPSP require significant work and testing in randomized-controlled trials. Lastly, per convention in the pain literature, 35,36 we used a binary cutoff to classify patients as "responders" or "nonresponders."…”

Concurrent TMS-EEG and EEG reveal neuroplastic and oscillatory changes associated with self-compassion and negative emotions

“…Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) is a safe and non-invasive form of brain stimulation which provides a window to investigate the causal role of brain activations in psychological processes. Theta-burst stimulation (TBS) is one of the most established repetitive TMS protocols and has the capacity to modulate neural excitability and connectivity ( Che, Cash, et al, 2021 ; Che et al, 2021 ; Huang et al, 2005 ; Ni et al, 2014 ). Specifically, intermittent TBS (iTBS) is designed to increase cortical excitability with a burst mode ( Huang et al, 2005 ).…”