Characterising groundwater-surface water connectivity in the lower Gandak catchment, a barrage regulated biodiversity hotspot in the mid-Gangetic basin

Lapworth, Dan; Dochartaigh, Brighid O; Nair, Tarun; O'Keeffe, J.; Krishan, Gopal; MacDonald, Alan; Khan, Mmr; Kelkar, Nachiket; Choudhary, Sunil K.; Krishnaswamy, Jagdish; Jackson, C. R.

doi:10.1016/j.jhydrol.2020.125923

Cited by 18 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…Furthermore, the mean isotopes of shallow groundwater (δ 18 O = −8.2‰) were lower than the values of river water but higher than those for the middle groundwater (mean δ 18 O = −9.1‰) and deep groundwater (mean δ 18 O = −9.3‰) in the study area. Obviously, the isotope values of shallow groundwater were closer to those of river water, indicating that phreatic aquifer was primarily supplied by river and channel seepage as well as the infiltration of irrigation return flow [17]. [36]; LMWL in NW China: local meteoric water line in northwest China [37].…”

Section: Stable Water Isotopic Compositionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Groundwater hydrochemistry is crucial for biogeochemical cycling because it could impact water utilization and the ecological function of groundwater [15,16]. Therefore, a deep understanding of groundwater hydrochemistry and groundwater-surface water interactions impacted by land use change is essential for effective groundwater management for ecological and human requirements in oasis-desert regions [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Based on positioning observations, remote sensing inversion, hydrochemical and isotopic techniques, and hydrological modeling, previous studies in arid regions primarily focused on the spatial distributions, temporal dynamics [16,22], origin and age [23,24], migration process, and evolution mechanism [21,25,26] of groundwater hydrochemical components. Simultaneously, several studies have invested the influence of human and climate reasons on groundwater hydrochemistry in arid inland areas [16,27], the freshwater-saltwater interaction between confined aquifers and phreatic aquifers [28,29], as well as groundwater-surface water connectivity [17]. Krishan et al [29] found that salinity in upper and deeper aquifers exhibited good connectivity in the Punjab state.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessing the Influences of Land Use Change on Groundwater Hydrochemistry in an Oasis-Desert Region of Central Asia

Wang

Yang

et al. 2022

Water

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Land use change greatly affects groundwater hydrochemical cycling and thereby food and ecosystem security in arid regions. Spatiotemporal distribution of groundwater hydrochemistry is vital to understand groundwater water-salt migration processes in the context of land use change, while it is not well known in the oasis-desert region of arid inland basins. Here, to investigate the influences of land use change on groundwater hydrochemistry and suggest sustainable management, 67 water samples were obtained in the Luntai Oasis, a typical oasis desert of Central Asia. Stable isotopes and chemical components of samples were analyzed. Piper and Gibbs plots were used to elaborate the chemical type and major mechanisms controlling water chemistry, respectively. The results showed that cultivated land area has markedly expanded in the Luntai Oasis over the last 20 years (increasing by 121.8%). Groundwater seasonal dynamics and groundwater–surface water interaction were altered dramatically by farmland expansion and groundwater exploitation. Specifically, the spatial heterogeneity and seasonal variability of groundwater hydrochemistry were significant. Compared with the desert area, the δ18O and TDS of river water and shallow groundwater in the oasis cropland exhibited lower values but greater seasonal variation. Higher TDS was observed in autumn for river water, and in spring for shallow groundwater. The chemical evolution of phreatic water was mainly controlled by the evaporation-crystallization process and rock dominance, with a chemical type of Cl-SO4-Na-Mg. Significant spatiotemporal heterogeneity of groundwater hydrochemistry demonstrated the influence of climatic, hydrogeological, land use, and anthropogenic conditions. Groundwater overexploitation would cause phreatic water leakage into confined water, promoting groundwater quality deterioration due to fresh saltwater mixing. Improving agricultural drainage ditches in conjunction with restricting farmland expansion and groundwater extraction is an effective way to alleviate groundwater environment deterioration and maintain oasis-desert ecosystems in arid regions.

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Section: Stable Water Isotopic Compositionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessing the Influences of Land Use Change on Groundwater Hydrochemistry in an Oasis-Desert Region of Central Asia

Wang

Yang

et al. 2022

Water

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“…Surface water-groundwater connectivity can be assessed by direct measurements, heat tracers, and environmental isotopes (Huang et al 2021 ). This connectivity is controlled by three factors: (1) the position of the river channels within the landscape and the morphology of the catchments; (2) the hydraulic conductivity of the river bed and the alluvial deposits; and (3) the relation of the stream elevation to the water level of the adjacent aquifers (Dor et al 2011 ; Martinez et al 2015 ; Lapworth et al 2021 ). Surface water-groundwater connectivity is performed when the saturated zones are distributed into the transmissive zones (Brannen et al 2015 ).…”

Section: Hydrological Connectivity At Multiscales and Its Effects On Ecohydrologymentioning

confidence: 99%

The concept, approach, and future research of hydrological connectivity and its assessment at multiscales

Zhang

Huang

Zhang

et al. 2021

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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In this review, we explore the concept, approach, and future research of hydrological connectivity and its assessment at multiscales, because according to the literature, an integrated review upon hydrological connectivity is lack. Systematic studies illustrate the effects of (i) human activities (i.e., dam construction, groundwater extraction, water flow regulation and diversion, and land management) and (ii) natural factors (i.e., climate, soil characteristics, vegetation, and topography) on hydrological connectivity. Approaches (i.e., soil water content patterns, runoff patterns and processes, numerical models, and index of hydrological connectivity) applied to evaluate hydrological connectivity are examined in detail. Lastly, hydrological connectivity at multiscales is indicated. This review concludes with a discussion of potential research trends that can improve understanding of hydrological connectivity. Reported records showed that few studies were published on hydrological connectivity from 1980 to 2003, whereas the evolution of these studies is temporally promising since 2003. We cannot define a standard concept of hydrological connectivity that works in all environments. We desire to show different concepts of hydrological connectivity in different environments. The degree and nature of hydrological connectivity are not static due to the influences of human activities and changes of natural factors. The index of hydrological connectivity and numerical models are the most significant approaches to assess the changes in hydrological connectivity. This study showed that considering hydrological connectivity in social-economical-ecological-hydrological frameworks can prevent its negative effects on surface or subsurface water quantity and quality and is beneficial for sound water sources management.

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“…Uranium is most soluble as the uranyl ion in the +6 oxidation state (UO 2 ) +2 and can be released from U-bearing minerals in aquifers, such as uraninite, and by dissolution and desorption processes with iron oxides, clay minerals and organic matter (Cumberland et al, 2016;Wazne et al, 2003). Hydrological processes such as recharge of oxidised groundwater and abstraction regimes can also potentially enhance U mobility and occurrence in groundwater (Alam and Cheng 2014;Lapworth et al, 2017Lapworth et al, , 2021Erőss et al, 2018). Fertiliser use in agricultural areas has been proposed as a source of groundwater U in some regions (Schnug and Lottermoser 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elevated uranium in drinking water sources in basement aquifers of southern India

Lapworth

Brauns

Chattopadhyay

et al. 2021

Applied Geochemistry

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Groundwater resources in the crystalline basement complex of India are crucial for supplying drinking water in both rural and urban settings. Groundwater depletion is recognised as a challenge across parts of India due to over-abstraction, but groundwater quality constraints are perhaps even more widespread and often overlooked at the local scale. Uranium contamination in basement aquifers has been reported in many parts of India, locally exceeding WHO drinking water guideline values of 30 μg/L and posing a potential health risk. In this study 130 water samples were collected across three crystalline basement catchments to assess hydrochemical, geological and anthropogenic controls on uranium mobility and occurrence in drinking water sources. Groundwaters with uranium concentrations exceeding 30 μg/L were found in all three study catchments (30% of samples overall), with concentrations up to 589 μg/L detected. There appears to be a geological control on the occurrence of uranium in groundwater with the granitic gneiss of the Halli and Bengaluru study areas having higher mean uranium concentrations (51 and 68 μg/L respectively) compared to the sheared gneiss of the Berambadi catchment (6.4 μg/L). Uraniumnitrate relationships indicate that fertiliser sources are not a major control on uranium occurrence in these case studies which include two catchments with a long legacy of intense agricultural land use. Geochemical modelling confirmed uranium speciation was dominated by uranyl carbonate species, particularly ternary complexes with calcium, consistent with uranium mobility being affected by redox controls and the presence of carbonates. Urban leakage in Bengaluru led to low pH and low bicarbonate groundwater hydrochemistry, reducing uranium mobility and altering uranium speciation. Since the majority of inhabitants in Karnataka depend on groundwater abstraction from basement aquifers for drinking water and domestic use, exposure to elevated uranium is a public health concern. Improved monitoring, understanding and treatment of high uranium drinking water sources in this region is essential to safeguard public health.

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Characterising groundwater-surface water connectivity in the lower Gandak catchment, a barrage regulated biodiversity hotspot in the mid-Gangetic basin

Cited by 18 publications

References 50 publications

Assessing the Influences of Land Use Change on Groundwater Hydrochemistry in an Oasis-Desert Region of Central Asia

Assessing the Influences of Land Use Change on Groundwater Hydrochemistry in an Oasis-Desert Region of Central Asia

The concept, approach, and future research of hydrological connectivity and its assessment at multiscales

Elevated uranium in drinking water sources in basement aquifers of southern India

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