Characterisation of triterpenes and new phenolic lipids in Cameroonian propolis

Abstract

Chemical investigation of a sample of propolis originating from North-Western Cameroon led to the isolation of thirteen alk(en)ylphenols (1-13) (inseparable mixture) along with α-amyrin (14), β-amyrin (15), lupeol (16), cycloartenol (17), mangiferonic acid (18), ambonic acid (19), mangiferolic acid (20), ambolic acid (21), isomangiferolic acid (22) and nine alk(en)ylresorcinols (23-31) (inseparable mixture). All compounds were identified following analysis of their spectroscopic data and comparison with previously published reports. Compounds (8), (12), (13) and (30) are new natural products. GC-MS analysis carried out on the alk(en)ylphenol and alk(en)ylresorcinol mixtures (dimethyl disulphide trimethylsilyl derivatives) revealed the presence of saturated and mono-unsaturated compounds with side chain lengths ranging from C11 to C19 and C15 to C19, respectively. The position of the double bond in mono-unsaturated derivatives was established from the characteristic fragments resulting from the cleavage of the bond between the two methylthio-substituted carbons. The most abundant compound in each mixture was 3-(12'Z-heptadecenyl)-phenol (10) and 5-(12'Z-heptadecenyl)-resorcinol (29). This study is the first to report the presence of triterpenes (except for lupeol) and phenolic lipids, including eighteen compounds previously unreported in bee glue, in an African sample.

The Chemical Characterization of Nigerian Propolis samples and Their Activity Against Trypanosoma brucei

“…The compounds were all identified by comparison with literature NMR data 19, 20 . The NMR data are summarised in Tables S4–S6.…”

Propolis alcohol extract attenuates prostate specific antigen disorders and prostate necrosis induced by the cadmium toxicity in rats

“…12, 13 Propolis is consisted of bioactive molecules such as: polyphenols, flavonoids and terpenoids. Its chemical composition is influenced by climatic, botanical and geographical factors.…”

“…Its chemical composition is influenced by climatic, botanical and geographical factors. 13,14 The Southwestern Algeria flora has a high biodiversity with many endemic plants. This could differentiate the composition of Algerian propolis compared to African and European propolis.…”

“…This could differentiate the composition of Algerian propolis compared to African and European propolis. 13,15 …”

Elementery Analysis and anti-Tumor Activity on Glioblastoma Cell Lines of Propolis Samples from Giresun Province of Turkey

“…Typically, propolis is broadly characterised into (1) samples from temperate regions mainly originating from poplar tree exudates and rich in phenolics such as flavonoids, aromatic acids and esters and (2) samples from tropical areas, devoid or containing traces of poplar constituents but rich in other substances including prenylated derivatives of p-coumaric acids, diterpenes and, prenylated benzophenones and prenylated flavonoids [8].…”