Characterisation of three alpha-helical antimicrobial peptides from the venom of Scorpio maurus palmatus

Harrison, Patrick L.; Abdel-Rahman, Mohamed A.; Strong, Peter; Tawfik, Mohamed M.; Miller, Keith

doi:10.1016/j.toxicon.2016.03.014

Cited by 46 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…In spite of great differences in size and amino acid composition, most of the AMPs can be classified into 3 groups according to its structural characteristics: (1) lacking cysteine alpha-helical linear peptides, also known as non-disulfide-bridged peptides (NDBPs), (2) cysteine-containing peptides with disulfide bonds and (3) peptides with an over-representation of proline, histidine, tryptophan, or glycine residues (Bulet et al, 2004; Zhu and Tytgat, 2004; Harrison et al, 2014). To this date, over 40 scorpion AMPs have been characterized and classified among the first and second AMP classes, without any representatives on the third one (Harrison et al, 2016) (for review, see Harrison et al, 2014). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antifungal Activity against Filamentous Fungi of Ts1, a Multifunctional Toxin from Tityus serrulatus Scorpion Venom

et al. 2017

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Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are ubiquitous and multipotent components of the innate immune defense arsenal used by both prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms. The search for new AMPs has increased in recent years, due to the growing development of microbial resistance to therapeutical drugs. In this work, we evaluate the effects of Tityus serrulatus venom (Tsv), its fractions and its major toxin Ts1, a beta-neurotoxin, on fungi growth. The fractions were obtained by ion-exchange chromatography of Tsv. The growth inhibition of 11 pathogenic and non-pathogenic filamentous fungi (Aspergillus fumigatus, A. nidulans, A. niger, A. terreus, Neurospora crassa, Penicillium corylophilum, P. ochrochloron, P. verrucosum, P. viridicatum, P. waksmanii, and Talaromyces flavus) was evaluated by quantitative microplate reader assay. Tsv (100 and 500 μg/well, which correspond to 1 and 5 mg/mL, respectively, of total soluble protein) was active in inhibiting growth of A. nidulans, A. terreus, P. corylophilum, and P. verrucosum, especially in the higher concentration used and at the first 30 h. After this period, fungi might have used Tsv components as alternative sources of nutrients, and therefore, increased their growth tax. Only fractions IX, X, XI, XIIA, XIIB (3 and 7.5 μg/well, which correspond to 30 and 75 μg/mL, respectively, of total soluble protein) and Ts1 (1.5, 3, and 6 μg/well, which correspond to 2.18, 4.36, and 8.72 μM, respectively) showed antifungal activity. Ts1 showed to be a non-morphogenic toxin with dose-dependent activity against A. nidulans, inhibiting 100% of fungal growth from 3 μg/well (4.36 μM). The inhibitory effect of Ts1 against A. nidulans growth was accompanied by fungistatic effects and was not amended by 1 mM CaCl2 or tetrodotoxin (46.98 and 93.96 μM). The structural differences between Ts1 and drosomycin, a potent cysteine-rich antifungal peptide, are discussed here. Our results highlight the antifungal potential of the first cysteine-containing scorpion toxin. Since Ts1 is a multifunctional toxin, we suggest that it could be used as a template in the design of engineered scorpion AMPs and in the search for new mechanisms of action of antifungal drugs.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antifungal Activity against Filamentous Fungi of Ts1, a Multifunctional Toxin from Tityus serrulatus Scorpion Venom

et al. 2017

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“…Venoms are a rich source of various pharmacologically active molecules (Abdel-Rahman et al 2015;Harrison et al 2016) which are being used for treating numerous diseases including cancer (Ghosh et al 2019). Many venom peptides/proteins revealed remarkable effects (anti-proliferative, cytotoxic, apoptogenic, and immunosuppressive) on various types of cancer cell lines (Ejaz et al 2018;Sarfo-Poku et al 2016;Ortiz et al 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antitumor efficacy of the Egyptian Scorpion Venom Androctonus Australis: in vitro and in vivo study

Nafie

Daim

Ali

et al. 2020

JoBAZ

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Background: Scorpion venom contains various biomolecules with potential therapeutic values against different diseases, including cancer. The present study was carried out to assess the antitumor efficacy of Androctonus australis crude venom using both in vitro and in vivo approaches. Methodology: For in vitro assay, the cytotoxic effect of different venom concentrations was determined against HCT116, HepG2, MCF-7, and PC-3 as cancer cell lines and normal WISH cell line. The in vivo assay was carried out by the I.P. transplantation of EAC into Swiss albino female mice, followed by the I.P. injection of the venom at the sublethal dose 1/10 LD 50 (0.025 mg/kg BW) compared to cisplatin (2 mg/kg BW), and both normal and EAC control groups were also included. The analysis of ascetic fluid tumor, survival study, and hematological, biochemical, antioxidant, and histopathological assays was evaluated in control and treated animal groups. Results: Our in vitro results revealed that the A. australis venom had a selective promising activity against MCF-7 cells (IC 50 = 19.71 μg/mL). Moreover, it was less cytotoxic on WISH cells. The in vivo data showed that A. australis venom exhibited a highly significant decrease in tumor volume, and viable tumor cell count, and increased the duration of lifespan compared to the EAC control group. The venom significantly enhanced both hematological and biochemical measurements compared to the EAC control group. Conclusion: The results revealed that the A. australis venom exhibited in vitro and in vivo antitumor activities. Further venomics studies are needed to functionally characterize the active molecules from this scorpion venom and study their mode of action on cancer cells to develop them into potential anticancer agents.

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“…Several studies have been conducted to investigate the structural and biological characteristics of S. m. palmatus venom [e.g. [16][17][18]. However, no information is available about pharmacological properties of the whole body (except venom glands) of this scorpion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antidiabetic effect of the scorpionScorpio maurus palmatusbody extract using alloxan-induced diabetic mice model

Abdel-Rahman

Mohammed

Ahmed

et al. 2019

Journal of Taibah University for Science

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The antidiabetic effect and mode of action of Socrpio maurus palmatus body extract were evaluated in diabetic mice induced by alloxan. 24 male albino mice were divided into four groups. Group 1 was injected intraperitoneally with physiological saline. Group 2 was injected (i.p., daily for 5 weeks) with 300 mg/kg of the scorpion aqueous extract. Group 3 was received alloxan (150 mg/kg, i.p). Group 4 was diabetic and treated with scorpion extract (300 mg/kg, i.p., daily for 5 weeks). Several relevant biochemical parameters and histological examination of Langerhans islets were evaluated. The administration of scorpion extract significantly elevated the level of plasma insulin which was concomitant with a remarkable decrease in the level of blood glucose in diabetic mice. Furthermore, scorpion extract showed a notable ameliorative effect through enhancing the status of antioxidants and recovering the altered biochemical parameters in diabetic mice. Interestingly, scorpion extract significantly increased the number of β-cells and the size of pancreatic islets in diabetic mice. Accordingly, the obtained results demonstrate the antidiabetic effect of scorpion extract in alloxan-induced diabetic mice through its antioxidant and regeneration capacity.

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Characterisation of three alpha-helical antimicrobial peptides from the venom of Scorpio maurus palmatus

Cited by 46 publications

References 47 publications

Antifungal Activity against Filamentous Fungi of Ts1, a Multifunctional Toxin from Tityus serrulatus Scorpion Venom

Antifungal Activity against Filamentous Fungi of Ts1, a Multifunctional Toxin from Tityus serrulatus Scorpion Venom

Antitumor efficacy of the Egyptian Scorpion Venom Androctonus Australis: in vitro and in vivo study

Antidiabetic effect of the scorpionScorpio maurus palmatusbody extract using alloxan-induced diabetic mice model

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