Characterisation of thin films of bismuth oxide by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy

Dharmadhikari, Vineet S.; Sainkar, S. R.; Badrinarayan, S.; Goswami, A.

doi:10.1016/0368-2048(82)85016-0

Cited by 225 publications

(134 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…[40] In comparison to those of BiVO 4 ,t he Bi 4f 5/2 and Bi 4f 7/2 lines of H-BiVO 4Àx showedapeak shift of 0.25 eV towards lower binding energy, suggesting the reduction of Bi 3 + to lower oxidation states. [41] The core-level V2pX PS spectra of BiVO 4 and H-BiVO 4Àx are shown in Figure 2c.T wo peaks at 524 and 516.3 eV are ascribed to V2p 3/2 and V2p 1/2 of BiVO 4 and H-BiVO 4Àx ,w hich are consistentw ith the reported values forB iVO 4 . [41] The V2pl ines of H-BiVO 4Àx have lower binding energies compared to those of BiVO 4 ,i ndicating different bonding environments of V. To verify the existence of at iny amounto fV 4 + that correlates with OVs, we analyzed the differenceb etween the spectra of H-BiVO 4Àx and BiVO 4 (inset in Figure 2c).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[41] The core-level V2pX PS spectra of BiVO 4 and H-BiVO 4Àx are shown in Figure 2c.T wo peaks at 524 and 516.3 eV are ascribed to V2p 3/2 and V2p 1/2 of BiVO 4 and H-BiVO 4Àx ,w hich are consistentw ith the reported values forB iVO 4 . [41] The V2pl ines of H-BiVO 4Àx have lower binding energies compared to those of BiVO 4 ,i ndicating different bonding environments of V. To verify the existence of at iny amounto fV 4 + that correlates with OVs, we analyzed the differenceb etween the spectra of H-BiVO 4Àx and BiVO 4 (inset in Figure 2c). By subtractingt he normalized V2ps pectrum of H-BiVO 4Àx from that of BiVO 4 ,w e get an ew spectrum that exhibits two peaks centered at approximately 516.7 and 517.1 eV,w hich are attributed to the V 4 + 2p 3/2 line and V 5 + 2p 3/2 line, respectively.T he above results confirm the enhancement of OVs (associated with V 4 + sites and ÀOH group) in H-BiVO 4 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Efficient Photoelectrochemical Water Oxidation over Hydrogen‐Reduced Nanoporous BiVO₄ with Ni–B_i Electrocatalyst

Gan

Rajeeva

et al. 2015

ChemElectroChem

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BiVO4 is one of the most promising candidates for photoanodes in solar water splitting. However, the poor charge‐separation yield in BiVO4 has limited its photochemical activity. Here, we overcome this limitation by constructing a nanoporous morphology that effectively inhibits bulk carrier recombination as well as undergoes controlled introduction of oxygen vacancies through hydrogenation. In comparison to pristine BiVO4, hydrogen‐treated BiVO4 (H‐BiVO4−x) exhibits a superior photocurrent and electron‐hole separation yield, owing to enhanced carrier density and conductivity. In addition, we adopt a layer of nickel–borate (Ni–Bi) complex on the H‐BiVO4−x surface as an oxygen evolution catalyst to improve the water oxidation kinetics. The Ni–Bi/H‐BiVO4−x photoanode results in a large cathodic shift (350 mV) in the onset potential for water oxidation at pH 9. Moreover, the photoanodes exhibit high performance in the low‐bias regime and achieve a maximum power point of 0.82 % (photon‐to‐current efficiency) for solar water oxidation at potentials as low as 0.79 V versus RHE with a photocurrent of 2.26 mA cm−2. We attribute these improved photoelectrochemical performances to the enhanced charge separation, higher carrier density, better conductivity of H‐BiVO4−x, and the role of Ni–Bi as a hole conductor, facilitating photogenerated electron mobilization.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficient Photoelectrochemical Water Oxidation over Hydrogen‐Reduced Nanoporous BiVO₄ with Ni–B_i Electrocatalyst

Gan

Rajeeva

et al. 2015

ChemElectroChem

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“…It may be concluded that electroactivity recorded on the cyclic voltammetry curves is related to the changes of Bi species on the surface of the electrode. Thus, cathodic polarization of the electrode leads to the formation of the BBi suboxides^ [57,58] as the increase of the intensity of the peak related to the reduced form of Bi is observed.…”

Section: Xps Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Does the low optical band gap of yellow Bi3YO6 guarantee the photocatalytical activity under visible light illumination?

Trzciński

Szkoda

Herman

et al. 2018

J Solid State Electrochem

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Bi 3 YO 6 , which is known as an ionic conductor, was tested here as an electrode and photoanode in contact with aqueous electrolytes. Bi 3 YO 6 was deposited onto the Pt substrate and the such prepared electrode was polarized in various aqueous electrolytes. The optical energy band gap of the material equal to 1.89 eV was determined using the Kubelka-Munk function resulting from the UV-Vis spectrum (allowed indirect transition) and also was calculated using the semi-empirical PM7 method (3.38 eV of HOMO-LUMO energy gap). Despite the yellow color of Bi 3 YO 6 , the tested material exhibits photoelectroactivity only in the UV range of electromagnetic radiation. The anodic photocurrent characteristic for n-type metal oxide semiconductors was recorded. The electrode exhibits diffusion-controlled cathodic activity while polarized in chloride-free aqueous electrolytes.

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“…Note that the typical chemical shifts between metallic and oxidic bismuth (Bi 2 O 3 ) are much larger, ranging from 1.4 to 4.4 eV. [52][53][54] Although the presence of bismuth oxide cannot be entirely excluded, the small chemical shift between catalysts 3 and 8 points to 8 containing a mixture of Bi(0) particles and Bi-Pt alloy particles, and not bismuth oxide formation. [50,51] The increased selectivity of the Bi-Pt catalyst 8 as compared to Ptdoped cerias most likely results from alloy formation, and the associated electronic (in addition to geometric) influence of bismuth upon platinum.…”

Section: Addition Of Platinummentioning

confidence: 99%

Bismuth‐Doped Ceria, Ce_0.90Bi_0.10O₂: A Selective and Stable Catalyst for Clean Hydrogen Combustion

Beckers¹,

Lee²,

Rothenberg³

2009

Adv Synth Catal

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Bismuth-doped cerias are successfully applied as solid "oxygen reservoirs" in the oxidative dehydrogenation of propane. The lattice oxygen of the ceria is used to selectively combust hydrogen from the dehydrogenation mixture at 550 8C. This process has three key advantages: it shifts the dehydrogenation equilibrium to the desired products side, generates heat, aiding the endothermic dehydrogenation, and simplifies product separation (water vs. hydrogen). Furthermore, the process is safer, since it uses the catalysts lattice oxygen instead of gaseous oxygen. We show here that bismuth-doped cerias are highly active and stable towards hydrogen combustion, and explore four different approaches for optimising their application in the oxidative dehydrogenation of propane: first, the addition of extra hydrogen which lowers hydrocarbon conversion by suppressing both combustion and coking; second, the addition of tin which completely inhibits coking; third, the addition of platinum which increases selectivity, but at the expense of lower activity. The best results are obtained through tuning the reaction temperature. At 400 8C, high activity and selectivity were obtained for the bismuth-doped ceria Ce 0.90 Bi 0.10 O 2 . Here, 90% of the hydrogen feed is converted at 98% selectivity. This optimal reaction temperature can be rationalised from the hydrogen and propene temperature-programmed reduction (TPR) profiles: 400 8C lies above the reduction maximum of hydrogen, yet below that of propene. That is, this temperature is sufficiently high to facilitate rapid hydrogen combustion, but low enough to prevent hydrocarbon conversion.

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Characterisation of thin films of bismuth oxide by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy

Cited by 225 publications

References 26 publications

Efficient Photoelectrochemical Water Oxidation over Hydrogen‐Reduced Nanoporous BiVO₄ with Ni–B_i Electrocatalyst

Efficient Photoelectrochemical Water Oxidation over Hydrogen‐Reduced Nanoporous BiVO₄ with Ni–B_i Electrocatalyst

Does the low optical band gap of yellow Bi3YO6 guarantee the photocatalytical activity under visible light illumination?

Bismuth‐Doped Ceria, Ce_0.90Bi_0.10O₂: A Selective and Stable Catalyst for Clean Hydrogen Combustion

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Characterisation of thin films of bismuth oxide by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy

Cited by 225 publications

References 26 publications

Efficient Photoelectrochemical Water Oxidation over Hydrogen‐Reduced Nanoporous BiVO4 with Ni–Bi Electrocatalyst

Efficient Photoelectrochemical Water Oxidation over Hydrogen‐Reduced Nanoporous BiVO4 with Ni–Bi Electrocatalyst

Does the low optical band gap of yellow Bi3YO6 guarantee the photocatalytical activity under visible light illumination?

Bismuth‐Doped Ceria, Ce0.90Bi0.10O2: A Selective and Stable Catalyst for Clean Hydrogen Combustion

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Efficient Photoelectrochemical Water Oxidation over Hydrogen‐Reduced Nanoporous BiVO₄ with Ni–B_i Electrocatalyst

Efficient Photoelectrochemical Water Oxidation over Hydrogen‐Reduced Nanoporous BiVO₄ with Ni–B_i Electrocatalyst

Bismuth‐Doped Ceria, Ce_0.90Bi_0.10O₂: A Selective and Stable Catalyst for Clean Hydrogen Combustion