Characterisation of the R–T response of BaTiO3 thermistors on three different length scales

Affleck, Louise; Seaton, Janet; Leach, C.

doi:10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2006.05.096

Cited by 12 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 16 publications

(22 reference statements)

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“…The outer layer is an oxidised, insulating grain boundary region; the intermediate layer is reoxidised, semiconducting outer grain region and the inner layer is an oxygen deficient grain interior, again, a semiconducting inner grain region. This heterogeneous structure in grains system is supported by both the phenomenon of heterogeneous electric structure of donor doped BaTiO 3 and direct imaging from conductive atomic force microscopy technique 56,57…”

Section: Theorymentioning

confidence: 83%

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PTCR effect in donor doped barium titanate: review of compositions, microstructures, processing and properties

Chen

Yang

2011

Advances in Applied Ceramics

103

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Barium titanate is widely used in the fabrication of thermistors with a positive temperature coefficient of resistivity (PTCR). The resistivity can increase by several orders of magnitude near the phase transition temperature (Tc) for the ferroelectric tetragonal to the paraelectric cubic phase transformation. There is general agreement that the anomaly in the change of electrical resistivity of donor-doped BaTiO3 around Tc is due to the grain boundary effect. The Heywang-Jonker model and other mechanisms involving the nature of the electrical barrier formed across the grain boundaries of polycrystalline BaTiO3 are reviewed. The compositional effect on BaTiO3-based PTCR properties is listed and discussed. The influences of manufacturing methods under different stages including the initial doping methods, sample forming methods and final heat treatments on PTCR properties are compared. The complex interrelationship between compositions, microstructures, processing and PTCR characteristics are well discussed.

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Section: Theorymentioning

confidence: 83%

“…This heterogeneous structure in grains system is supported by both the phenomenon of heterogeneous electric structure of donor doped BaTiO 3 and direct imaging from conductive atomic force microscopy technique. 56,57…”

Section: Other Theoriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

PTCR effect in donor doped barium titanate: review of compositions, microstructures, processing and properties

Chen

Yang

2011

Advances in Applied Ceramics

103

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“…159,175 The presence of three electroactive regions has also been confirmed using conductive atomic force microscopy. 14,176 Fiorenza et al have shown that results using this technique support the existence of three RC elements deconvoluted from impedance spectroscopy data for a commercial PTCR device. Both grain boundary and grain shell show a PTCR effect, as shown in Fig.…”

Section: Grain Boundary Grainmentioning

confidence: 93%

Barium titanate-based thermistors: Past achievements, state of the art, and future perspectives

Bell

Graule

Stuer

2021

Applied Physics Reviews

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Barium titanate materials displaying a positive temperature coefficient of resistivity are ubiquitously employed as thermistors in electrical current and voltage control systems, as well as in gas and thermal sensing applications. The positive temperature coefficient of resistivity effect is widely accepted to be a grain boundary-based phenomenon, although detailed studies on grain boundary structure and chemistry, and their influence on the resulting electrical properties, are seriously lacking. Tailoring of the positive temperature coefficient of resistivity electrical characteristics, for specific high-value applications, will require improved understanding and control over grain boundary phenomenon. A comprehensive overview of the development of barium titanate-based positive temperature coefficient of resistivity ceramics is initially presented. We then advance to a discussion on emerging grain boundary characterization techniques, specifically, a stereographic analysis of electron backscatter diffraction data that could assist in enhancing control over BaTiO 3 defect chemistry and microstructure, through characterization and subsequent manipulation of the population of grain boundary types. These techniques have great potential for increasing the understanding of the delicate interplay between processing conditions, chemistry, microstructure, and functional electrical properties, and are relevant to the development of advanced, high-performance ceramics and electroceramics in general. Contemporary advancements in the field, such as lead-free positive temperature coefficient of resistivity effect materials and multilayer miniaturized systems based on hypostoichiometric barium compositions, are reviewed. Finally, perspectives on future lines of thermistor research, with a focus on the energy sector, are presented including applications in gas separation and chemical sensing.

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“…Its applications in as diverse areas as varistors [1], thermistors [2], gas sensors [3], dye sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) [4], and multilayer ceramic capacitors (MLCCs) [5] have been a major motivating factor in the research interest.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A phenomenological model of conduction in Ho-doped barium titanate sensor

Babkair¹

2012

Sensors and Actuators A: Physical

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Characterisation of the R–T response of BaTiO3 thermistors on three different length scales

Cited by 12 publications

References 16 publications

PTCR effect in donor doped barium titanate: review of compositions, microstructures, processing and properties

PTCR effect in donor doped barium titanate: review of compositions, microstructures, processing and properties

Barium titanate-based thermistors: Past achievements, state of the art, and future perspectives

A phenomenological model of conduction in Ho-doped barium titanate sensor

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