Characterisation of the producer gas from an open top gasifier: Assessment of different tar analysis approaches

Prando, Dario; Ail, Snehesh Shivananda; Chiaramonti, David; Baratieri, Marco

doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2016.04.104

Cited by 42 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Between the small and micro scale experimental facilities, it is important to acknowledge the double stage open top gasifier developed at the Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore (India) [119,120]. This reactor was used in a series of researches on fuel flexibility [121][122][123]. The results of the work on this pilot scale gasifier were partially exported to full scale facilities [101].…”

Section: Research and Future Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Barriers to Success: A Technical Review on the Limits and Possible Future Roles of Small Scale Gasifiers

Allesina¹,

Pedrazzi²

2021

Energies

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Literature and manuals refer to biomass gasification as one of the most efficient processes for power generation, highlighting features, such as residual biomass use, distributed generation and carbon sequestration, that perfectly incorporate gasification into circular economies and sustainable development goals. Despite these features, small scale applications struggle to succeed as a leading solution for sustainable development. The aim of this review is to investigate the existing technological barriers that limit the spreading of biomass gasification from a socio-technical point of view. The review outlines how existing technologies originated from under feed-in-tariff regimes and highlights where the current design goals strongly differ from what will be needed in the near future. Relevant market-ready small-scale gasification systems are analyzed under this lens, leading to an analysis of the reactor and filtration design. To help understand the economical sustainability of these plants, an analysis of the influence of capital expenditures and operating expenditures on the return of investment is included in the discussion. Finally, a literature review on prototypes and pre-market reactors is used as a basis for spotting the characteristics of the system that will likely resolve issues around fuel flexibility, cost efficiency and load variability.

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Section: Research and Future Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Barriers to Success: A Technical Review on the Limits and Possible Future Roles of Small Scale Gasifiers

Allesina¹,

Pedrazzi²

2021

Energies

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“…While the volatile matter always includes a wide range of species, it can be represented as a single virtual material (Prando et al 2016). The reason for this is that the release kinetics of the individual gaseous species over the devolatilization process has not been clarified yet, due to the complexities of the chemical reactions concerning the different intermediates and final gaseous products.…”

Section: Kinetic Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The ignition of the coal starts from the bottom of the gasifier using six nozzles. A detailed kinetic model for the different reactions process is summarized in Table 2 with all reactions and kinetic rate parameters (Prando et al 2016).…”

Section: Kinetic Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of coal gasification in a pressurized fixed bed gasifier using an ASPEN plus and Euler–Euler model

Ismail

Chen

et al. 2020

Int J Coal Sci Technol

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With the help of Aspen Plus, a two-dimensional unsteady CFD model is developed to simulate the coal gasification process in a fixed bed gasifier. A developed and validated two dimensional CFD model for coal gasification has been used to predict and assess the viability of the syngas generation from coal gasification employing the updraft fixed bed gasifier. The process rate model and the sub-model of gas generation are determined. The particle size variation and char burning during gasification are also taken into account. In order to verify the model and increase the understanding of gasification characteristics, a set of experiments and numerical comparisons have been carried out. The simulated results in the bed are used to predict the composition of syngas and the conversion of carbon. The model proposed in this paper is a promising tool for simulating the coal gasification process in a fixed bed gasifier.

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“…Unfortunately, this can come at significant cost, with VOCs often requiring specific sampling methods, using sorbents and modified instrumentation, when gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analyses are required (Agilent, 2014). Therefore, a cheap(er) pollutant capture method, such as a solvent trap or 'scrubber' using methanol, water or isopropanol (Phuphuakrat et al, 2010;Prando et al, 2016), is important for process viability; however, these are often selected specifically to target pollutant classes common to well-characterised feedstocks such as biomass (pine wood), and are mainly untested on alternative wastes. Given the drive to recycle more sources of organic waste, current work has shown an increasing need to capture and monitor for a broader range of organic pollutants, from an expanding list of largely uninvestigated feedstocks (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A preliminary investigation of anaerobically digested municipal sludge cake and contaminated soil for recycling by pyrolysis

Sullivan

Prigmore²,

Knight³

et al. 2020

Bioresource Technology Reports

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This work has investigated the potential of pyrolysis as a recycling solution for two largely uncharacterised waste streams, anaerobically digested (AD) municipal sludge cake and brownfield soil (contaminated with oily sludge). Characterisation of emitted organic compounds from pyrolysis were captured in a solvent (acetone) scrubber and analysed by GC-MS. Both AD sludge cake and brownfield soil showed considerable promise for 'green-er' fuels, as a source of syngas (with CO supplementation) and volatile aromatics essential for fuel quality. However, these waste streams also generated significant amounts of additional highly toxic pollutants of varying chemistries, further emphasising the importance of using a trapping approach applicable to a broader range of chemicals. Pleasingly the acetone trap showed very good efficacy in capturing this breadth of chemistries, supporting its use as an alternative capture and preparative method, for monitoring volatile and semi-volatile organic tars Keywords Scrubber Pyrolysis/gasification contaminants Tar analysis Gas chromatography-thermal conductivity detection (GC-TCD) Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS)

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Characterisation of the producer gas from an open top gasifier: Assessment of different tar analysis approaches

Cited by 42 publications

References 36 publications

Barriers to Success: A Technical Review on the Limits and Possible Future Roles of Small Scale Gasifiers

Barriers to Success: A Technical Review on the Limits and Possible Future Roles of Small Scale Gasifiers

Assessment of coal gasification in a pressurized fixed bed gasifier using an ASPEN plus and Euler–Euler model

A preliminary investigation of anaerobically digested municipal sludge cake and contaminated soil for recycling by pyrolysis

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