Characterisation of the non-oil Jatropha biomass material for use as a source of solid fuel

Kethobile, Elias; Ketlogetswe, Clever; Gandure, Jerekias

doi:10.1007/s13399-019-00511-4

Cited by 11 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…The characteristics of the raw Jatropha biomass samples under investigation from our previous investigation [ 31 ] are summarised in Table 1 . The results were compared with the results in Table 2 and Figures 1 , 2 , 3 , and 4 to show how torrefaction at different temperature levels influenced the fuel value of the Jatropha biomass samples under investigation.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The fruit husk and seed cake samples were byproducts of oil extraction. The biomass were then individually prepared as described by [ 31 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Methods and procedures similar to the one described by Kethobile et al. [ 31 ], were followed. Consequently, the determination of these factors will not be presented in details in this section.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Consequently, sample preparations will not be presented in details in this section. However, the geographical coordinates of the plantation where sample materials were sourced are 24 34 0 25 00 S and 25 58 0 0 00 E [31]. The Jatropha material planted in the plantation was initially collected from the homesteads in Botswana and the origins of the plant species are not known.…”

Section: Sample Materials Source and Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Factors which influence fuel characteristics covered in this investigation were proximate components, elemental composition, bulk density, hygroscopicity and higher heating value (HHV). Methods and procedures similar to the one described by Kethobile et al [31], were followed. Consequently, the determination of these factors will not be presented in details in this section.…”

Section: Characteristics Of the Torrefied Jatropha Biomass Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Torrefaction of non - oil Jatropha curcas L. (Jatropha) biomass for solid fuel

Kethobile

Ketlogetswe

Gandure

2020

Heliyon

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The use of non-oil Jatropha biomass in the energy mix as a solid fuel offers the most effective ways of utilising such resource. However, available information indicates that biomass has negative inherent properties which lower its fuel value. This negative effect can be improved by slow pyrolysis process called torrefaction where the biomass is heated in the range of 200 °C to 300 °C. In the present investigation the effects of torrefaction temperature on the solid fuel value of different Jatropha biomass materials were determined. Consequently, three types of Jatropha biomass namely; seed cake, stem and fruit cover were considered under five temperature levels (200 °C, 225 °C, 250 °C, 275 °C, 300 °C). Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) revealed that there were significant differences (P > 0.05) in bulk density, hygroscopicity, energy content and ultimate etc. The statistical analysis results indicated that there was biomass type and torrefaction temperature interaction effects on the ultimate analysis, bulk density, hygroscopicity, energy content and energy yield. The interaction effects of the factors under investigation were not observed in mass yield. Increase in torrefaction temperature generally reduced the equilibrium moisture content and volatile matters across the biomass types. However fixed carbon, carbon content, ash content and energy density were increased across the biomass types as the temperature was increased from 200 °C to 300 °C. The torrefied Jatropha seed cake biomass showed relatively enhanced fuel characteristics than the torrefied stem and the torrefied fruit husk when considering the properties under investigation.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The fruit husk and seed cake samples were byproducts of oil extraction. The biomass were then individually prepared as described by [ 31 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sample Materials Source and Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Characteristics Of the Torrefied Jatropha Biomass Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%