Characterisation of the dark green islands of cucumber mosaic virus infected Nicotiana tabacum

Chen, Lijuan; Liu, Jian; Zhao, Fengyuan; Li, Jingyi; Wang, Sheng-Xuan; Lin, Honghui; Xi, Dehui

doi:10.1007/s00299-015-1781-1

Cited by 16 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 71 publications

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“…In symptomatic chlorotic tissues of virus-infected plants the PRGs are down-regulated. As reported before, when light-dark mosaic symptoms occurred, photosynthetic apparatus was damaged only in chlorotic areas, the dark islands retained intact chloroplast structure and function (Chen et al, 2015). PPV-Rec isolate BOR-3 used in our experiments induced only dark green areas around the main veins on N. benthamiana leaves and slight downrolling of the leaf blades.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 61%

Differentially expressed genes in healthy and plum pox virus-infected Nicotiana benthamiana plants

Vozárová¹,

Žilová²,

Šubr³

2015

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Summary. -Viruses use both material and energy sources of their hosts and redirect the production of disposable compounds in order to make viral replication more effi cient. Metabolism of infected organisms is modifi ed by these enhanced requirements as well by their own defense response. Resulting complex story consists of many regulation events on various gene expression levels. Elucidating these processes may contribute to the knowledge on virus-host interactions and to evolving new antiviral strategies. In our work we applied a subtractive cloning technique to compare the transcriptomes of healthy and plum pox virus (PPV)-infected Nicotiana benthamiana plants. Several genes were found to be induced or repressed by the PPV infection. Th e induced genes were mainly related to general stress response or photosynthesis, several repressed genes could be connected with growth defects evoked by the infection. Interestingly, some genes usually up-regulated by fungal or bacterial infection were found repressed in PPV-infected plants. Potential involvement of particular diff erently expressed genes in the process of PPV infection is discussed.Keywords: virus-host interaction; gene expression; subtractive hybridization * Corresponding author. E-mail: virusubr@savba.sk; phone: +421-2-59302447. Abbreviations: APX = ascorbate peroxidase; CAB = chlorophyll a/b-binding protein; DSPP = dentin sialophosphoprotein; FRL = Frigida-like protein; GCS = glycine cleavage system; HMGB = high mobility group B protein; JA = jasmonic acid; MLP = major latex protein; MT = metallothionein; PI-PLC = phosphoinositide-specifi c phospholipase C; PPV = plum pox virus; PRG = photosynthesis-related gene; PS II = photosystem II; ROS = reactive oxygen species; SNS = S-norcoclaurine synthase; SUMO = small ubiquitin-related modifi er; TLP = tetraspanin-like protein; Ub = ubiquitin

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 61%

Differentially expressed genes in healthy and plum pox virus-infected Nicotiana benthamiana plants

Vozárová¹,

Žilová²,

Šubr³

2015

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“…Our previous study also suggested that there are significant differences between DGIs and LGTs in terms of physiology, biochemistry and molecular biology [13]. Additionally, DGIs were more similar to recovered tissues and could resist viral infection better than LGTs, which is a prediction that is supported by most DGI characteristics [13]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…The Chl fluorescence parameters of the leaves were measured using an FMS2 fluorescence meter (PAM-2100, Walz, Germany) according to previously described methods [13]. …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The endogenous level of cytokinin (CTK) was quantified via high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS), according to previously described methods [13]. The compound 6-benzylaminopurine (6-BA) was obtained from Sigma-Aldrich and used as an internal standard.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moore et al (2001) proposed that similar to recovered tissues, a post-transcriptional gene silencing (PTGS) mechanism could be responsible for the maintenance of DGIs [14]. Our previous study also suggested that there are significant differences between DGIs and LGTs in terms of physiology, biochemistry and molecular biology [13]. Additionally, DGIs were more similar to recovered tissues and could resist viral infection better than LGTs, which is a prediction that is supported by most DGI characteristics [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

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RNA-seq approach to analysis of gene expression profiles in dark green islands and light green tissues of Cucumber mosaic virus-infected Nicotiana tabacum

et al. 2017

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Dark green islands (DGIs) surrounded by light green tissues (LGTs) are common leaf symptoms of plants that are systemically infected by various viruses that induce leaf mosaic in infected plants. The inoculation of Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) in Nicotiana tabacum produced a commonly occurring sequence of classic patterns of DGIs and LGTs. Previous studies confirmed that there are significant differences between DGIs and LGTs in terms of physiology, biochemistry and molecular biology, but the mechanisms by which DGIs form remain unclear. To investigate the global gene expression changes that occur in these special tissues, individual differential gene expression tag libraries were constructed from three total RNA samples isolated from DGIs, LGTs and control plants (CK) and were sequenced using an Illumina HiSeqTM 2000. An analysis of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis were performed. These analyses revealed the differences between DGIs, LGTs and CK. GO enrichment and KEGG pathway analyses suggested that several pathways related to photosynthesis and chlorophyll metabolism were enriched in DGIs compared to LGTs and CK. Several pathways related to apoptosis were significantly up-regulated in LGTs compared to DGIs. Additionally, we identified sets of DEGs that may be related to the formation or development of DGIs and LGTs. Our systematic analyses provide comprehensive transcriptomic information regarding DGIs and LGTs in CMV-infected N. tabacum. These data will help characterize the detailed mechanisms of DGI and LGT formation.

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Tobacco alpha-expansin EXPA4 plays a role in Nicotiana benthamiana defence against Tobacco mosaic virus

Chen

Zou

Guo

et al. 2017

Planta

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Tobacco EXPA4 plays a role in Nicotiana benthamiana defence against virus attack and affects antioxidative metabolism and phytohormone-mediated immunity responses in tobacco. Expansins are cell wall-loosening proteins known for their endogenous functions in cell wall extensibility during plant growth. The effects of expansins on plant growth, developmental processes and environment stress responses have been well studied. However, the exploration of expansins in plant virus resistance is rarely reported. In the present study, virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) and Agrobacterium-mediated transient overexpression were conducted to investigate the role of Nicotiana tabacum alpha-expansin 4 (EXPA4) in modulating Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV-GFP) resistance in Nicotiana benthamiana. The results indicated that silencing of EXPA4 reduced the sensitivity of N. benthamiana to TMV-GFP, and EXPA4 overexpression accelerated virus reproduction on tobacco. In addition, our data suggested that the changes of virus accumulation in response to EXPA4 expression levels could further affect the antioxidative metabolism and phytohormone-related pathways in tobacco induced by virus inoculation. EXPA4-silenced plants with TMV-GFP have enhanced antioxidant enzymes activities, which were down-regulated in virus-inoculated 35S:EXPA4 plants. Salicylic acid accumulation and SA-mediated defence genes induced by TMV-GFP were up-regulated in EXPA4-silenced plants, but depressed in 35S:EXPA4 plants. Furthermore, a VIGS approach was used in combination with exogenous phytohormone treatments, suggesting that EXPA4 has different responses to different phytohormones. Taken together, these results suggested that EXPA4 plays a role in tobacco defence against viral pathogens.

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Characterisation of the dark green islands of cucumber mosaic virus infected Nicotiana tabacum

Cited by 16 publications

References 71 publications

Differentially expressed genes in healthy and plum pox virus-infected Nicotiana benthamiana plants

Differentially expressed genes in healthy and plum pox virus-infected Nicotiana benthamiana plants

RNA-seq approach to analysis of gene expression profiles in dark green islands and light green tissues of Cucumber mosaic virus-infected Nicotiana tabacum

Tobacco alpha-expansin EXPA4 plays a role in Nicotiana benthamiana defence against Tobacco mosaic virus

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