Characterisation of sol–gel method synthesised MgZnFe ₂ O ₄ nanoparticles and its cytotoxic effects on breast cancer cell line, MDA MB‐231 in vitro

Abstract

In this study, nanocrystalline magnesium zinc ferrite nanoparticles were successfully prepared by a simple sol-gel method using copper nitrate and ferric nitrate as raw materials. The calcined samples were characterised by differential thermal analysis/thermogravimetric analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. Transmission electron microscopy revealed that the average particle size of the calcined sample was in a range of 17-41 nm with an average of 29 nm and has spherical size. A cytotoxicity test was performed on human breast cancer cells (MDA MB-231) and (MCF-7) at various concentrations starting from (0 µg/ml) to (800 µg/ml). The sample possessed a mild toxic effect toward MDA MB-231 and MCF-7 after being examined with MTT (3-[4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2, 5 diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay for up to 72 h of incubation. Higher reduction of cells viability was observed as the concentration of sample was increased in MDA MB-231 cell line than in MCF-7. Therefore, further cytotoxicity tests were performed on MDA MB-231 cell line.

Co–Sn–Cu oxides/graphene nanocomposites as green catalysts for preparing 1,8‐dioxo‐octahydroxanthenes and apoptosis‐inducing agents in MCF‐7 human breast cancer cells

“…So far, many investigations were done based on metallic nanoparticles (metal oxides, metallic nanocomposites, magnetic nanoparticles, graphene‐based nanoparticles etc.) to find out effective anticancer drugs that play an important role in the apoptosis [ 72 , 73 , 74 , 75 , 76 , 77 ]. The presence of anionic phospholipids in cancer cells causes negative zeta potential that absorb into positively charged nanoparticles by strong electrostatic interaction [ 78 , 79 ].…”

Magnetically Separable Mg−Zn Ferrite Nanoparticles Synthesized Using Ocimum Basilicum Leaf Extract Potentiates Cytotoxicity: In vitro

“…Nordin et al. investigated the cytotoxic potential of sol‐gel derived MgZn ferrite against breast cancer cell line (MDA‐MB‐231) with concentration ranging 0–800 μg/mL and observed higher IC 50 (=500 μg/mL) than that of the present result (IC 50 =72.12 μg/mL) [43] . Nigam et al.…”

“…[42] Nordin et al investigated the cytotoxic potential of sol-gel derived MgZn ferrite against breast cancer cell line (MDA-MB-231) with concentration ranging 0-800 μg/mL and observed higher IC 50 (= 500 μg/mL) than that of the present result (IC 50 = 72.12 μg/mL). [43] Nigam et al also reported a series of zinc doped magnesium ferrites derived using sol-gel method and conducted their anticancerous study against breast cancer cell line (MCF-7) and showed low response at lower concentrations (50 μg/mL and 100 μg/ mL), [44] whereas in the present findings biosynthesized OBLE@MgÀ Zn NPs showed potent cytotoxic potential at lower concentrations. Table 3 illustrates the comparative analysis of…”

Synthesis and characterization of Mg–Zn ferrite based flexible microwave composites and its application as SNG metamaterial

“…The universal formulary A x B (1−x) Fe 2 O 4 , where “A” and “B” both are divalent transition ions. The MgZnFe 2 O 4 is fundamentally a dual oxide arrangement (MgO–ZnO–Fe 2 O 2 ) that has maybe applicable as absorbents, semiconductors, and catalysts 26 . In original form, and Fe 2 O 4 is a dielectric insulator, and MgO and ZnO are p-type semiconductors.…”