Characterisation of HvVIP1 and expression profile analysis of stress response regulators in barley under Agrobacterium and Fusarium infections

Abstract

Arabidopsis thaliana’s VirE2-Interacting Protein 1 (VIP1) interacts with Agrobacterium tumefaciens VirE2 protein and regulates stress responses and plant immunity signaling occurring downstream of the Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase (MPK3) signal transduction pathway. In this study, a full-length cDNA of 972bp encoding HvVIP1 was obtained from barley ( Hordeum vulgare L.) leaves. A corresponding 323 amino acid poly-peptide was shown to carry the conserved bZIP (Basic Leucine Zipper) domain within its 157 th and 223 rd amino acid residue. 13 non-synonymous SNPs were spotted within the HvVIP1 bZIP domain sequence when compared with AtVIP1 . Moreover, minor differences in the bZIP domain locations and lengths were noted when comparing Arabidopsis thaliana and Hordeum vulgare VIP1 proteins through the 3D models, structural domain predictions and disorder prediction profiling. The expression of HvVIP1 was stable in barley tissues infected by pathogen (whether Agrobacterium tumefaciens or Fusarium culmorum ), but was induced at specific time points. We found a strong correlation between the transcript accumulation of HvVIP1 and barley PR- genes HvPR1 , HvPR4 and HvPR10 , but not with HvPR3 and HvPR5 , probably due to low induction of those particular genes. In addition, a gene encoding for a member of the barley MAPK family, HvMPK1 , showed significantly higher expression after pathogenic infection of barley cells. Collectively, our results might suggest that early expression of PR genes upon infection in barley cells play a pivotal role in the Agrobacterium -resistance of this plant.

Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of the bZIP transcription factors, and functional analysis in response to drought and cold stresses in pear (Pyrus breschneideri)

“…ATbZIP56 (HY5), whose orthologous genes were Pbr-bZIP66 and PbrbZIP04, integrated hormonal signaling pathways (auxin, gibberellin, brassinolide, and ethylene) and interacted with the promoter of the monoterpene synthase gene QH6 in modulating its rhythmic expression [34,35]. ATbZIP51 (the ortholog of PbrbZIP82 and PbrbZIP27) regulated the immune signaling of plants downstream of the MPK3 signal transduction pathway [36].…”

TALEN-Based HvMPK3 Knock-Out Attenuates Proteome and Root Hair Phenotypic Responses to flg22 in Barley

“…Both kinases also regulate ethylene production at the same conditions via phosphorylation of 1-amino-cyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid synthase ( Han et al, 2010 ), and positively regulate expression of many defense-related genes (including basic endochitinase) by phosphorylation of ERF6 transcription factor upon B. cinerea infection ( Meng et al, 2013 ). Thus, Arabidopsis MPK3 and MPK6, as well as their homologues in other species confer resistance to pathogens in dicots and monocots ( El Sarraf et al, 2019 ; Kim et al, 2019 ; Liu et al, 2019 ; Wang et al, 2019 ).…”

Pseudocercospora fijiensis Conidial Germination Is Dominated by Pathogenicity Factors and Effectors

“…The VIP1 protein (MYCFIDRAFT 158260) is important in the regulation of gene expression and cell signaling [102]. In fungi, it appears to be involved in plant-pathogen interactions, nuclear transport, transcriptional regulation, responses to environmental stress, and antagonistic interactions [103], but its function in conidiation requires further investigation.…”