Characterisation of artisanal catches in selected fishing areas of the Lower Tana Delta and Malindi-Ungwana Bay, Kenya

Abstract

Shore-based assessment of fisheries resources in Ngomeni, Kipini and Ozi fishing areas of Malindi-Ungwana Bay and the Lower Tana Delta on the north coast of Kenya was conducted from January to December 2017 to establish catch composition, species richness, and fishing effort (catch-rate, number and types of fishing gears and crafts) in the marine, estuarine and riverine habitats. Distinct catch composition (R = 0.27, P < 0.05) was observed across the three habitats. Catch composition differed significantly spatially and seasonally across the three fishing areas, and between the north east (NE) and south east (SE) monsoon seasons (R = 0.332, P < 0.05). The wolf herring, Chirocentrus dorab, was the most abundant fish species in Ngomeni, centrally located in Malindi-Ungwana Bay, while the catfishes, Arius africanus and Clarias gariepinus, were the most abundant species in Kipini and Ozi, respectively. Gillnets operated from dhows (mashua) and fibre-reinforced plastic (FRP) boats in Ngomeni (marine), and canoes using-basket traps in Ozi (riverine), landed significantly larger Spanish mackerel, Scomberomorus commerson, and sea catfish, Arius africanus (Kruskal Wallis test: Df = 2; F = 197.141; p < 0.001; Df = 2, F = 490, p < 0.001), respectively. Species diversity by area in combination with habitat and type of fishing craft showed higher diversity for Ngomeni in the marine habitat with mashua fishing crafts than in Kipini. Significantly different catch rates (Df = 2, F = 10.43, p<0.001; Df = 1, F = 5.897, p < 0.021) were observed in the three (3) fishing areas and during the NE monsoon and the SE monsoon, respectively. Canoes were the most common fishing craft used, especially in Ngomeni, accounting for 37.1%, and 97.5% in Ozi, while mashua crafts accounted for 44.5% of the total fishing craft in Kipini. Monofilament nets were most common in Ngomeni (34.0%) while basket traps dominated the Ozi site at 63.6%. The Kipini area was dominated by handlines (28.8%). It is therefore evident that the three (3) fishing areas of the Malindi-Ungwana Bay and Lower Tana Delta showed significant differences in catch composition and size of fish caught, attributed partly to the variation in habitat types and fishing methods between the sites. Overall, the Ngomeni area was characterized by more advanced fishing craft with the majority powered by engines, including mashua and FRP boats, compared to Kipini and Ozi fishing areas where canoes were dominant.

Retained fish catches of artisanal fishers is dependent on fishing area, season and fishing gear type: A case study from the south coast of Kenya

“…This observation is in agreement with previous studies along the Kenyan coast (Munga et al, 2014;Kiilu et al, 2019;Dzoga et al, 2020). These findings have also been supported by Kamau et al (2021) et al, 1988;Kiilu et al, 2019).…”

“…However, the variation in mean catch rates for ring net and reef seine fishers was not significantly affected by the seasons. Ring nets and reef seines are relatively large nets which are used with larger outboard engine powered wooden boats (dhows) which ease navigation to offshore richer waters even in the cool and rough seas during the SEM season (Munga et al, 2014;Dzoga et al, 2020). The variation in fish catch composition across fishing areas could have been exacerbated by factors such as existing critical habitats, sea conditions, gear types used, fishing pressure, fish recruitment, fishing effort and depth (Agembe et al, 2010;Munga et al, 2014;Dzoga et al, 2020).…”

An Assessment Of The Potentials Of Artisanal Fisheries In Spearheading The Blue Economy Transformation In Zanzibar Islands

“…Such fishing vessels results to low fishing incomes and are not capable of controlling the rough sea during bad weather conditions resulting from monsoon circulation. The findings reiterate those of Dzoga et al (2020), who conducted a study in Ngomeni, Kipini and Ozi fishing areas of Malindi-Ungwana Bay and the Lower Tana Delta on the north coast of Kenya. These researchers found that canoes were the most common fishing craft used by artisanal fishers in the area.…”

Estuarize-WIO: A socio-ecological assessment of small-scale fisheries in estuaries of the Western Indian Ocean

“…The fisheries and biodiversity of Ungwana Bay have been extensively studied, including analysis of prawn bottom trawl catches (Munga et al, 2013;Swaleh et al, 2015), artisanal and commercial fisheries (Fulanda et al, 2011;Munga et al, 2014aMunga et al, , 2014b, socio-economics (Odhiambo-Ochiewo et al, 2016) and biodiversity of ecosystems (Samoilys et al, 2011). Fewer studies have focussed on fisheries and estuarine ecosystems in the enclosed part of the Tana Estuary, although Dzoga et al (2018Dzoga et al ( , 2019Dzoga et al ( , 2020 found that the ecological vulnerability to climate variability of small-scale fishing communities differed among coastal sites in Ungwana Bay and the lower Tana Estuary.…”